Research On Carbon Income Accounting In China's Coastal Areas

Since the reform and opening up,China has entered a new stage of economic development.At the same time,higher energy consumption per unit and other kinds of resources problems are following by.Environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.Energy saving and emission reduction is a common problem facing the whole world and an important issue for the survival and sustainable development of mankind.As the second largest economy in the world and the largest developing country in the world,these factors have also become important factors restricting the further healthy development of China's economy.At present,there are two main ways of energy saving and emission reduction recognized by the international community.One is to control carbon emissions,increase the output value of carbon emissions per unit and improve energy efficiency;the other is to find carbon sequestration ways,namely carbon sink sources,improve carbon sequestration capacity,increase carbon sequestration,and use technical means to convert carbon dioxide into usable resources.Therefore,as an important indicator to measure the coordinated development of economy and environment,how to reasonably calculate and study the influencing factors of carbon emissions and carbon sinks has always been a research hotspot in academia.Combining with the current research results,we can find that the research results of carbon emissions are more fruitful,the calculation methods are more mature,the results of carbon sequestration accounting are relatively less,and the main research is forest land,less attention is paid to the research of marine carbon storage capacity.On the basis of summarizing and summarizing the research results of relevant scholars at home and abroad in recent years,and based on sustainable development theory,low-carbon development theory and carbon sink theory,and referring to relevant research literature,this paper collects the marine shellfish and algae cultivation,land forestry forest area,forest stock and the use of coal,oil and natural gas in 11 coastal provinces and cities of China from 2007 to 2016.Data are processed by using IPCC and rele vant research reference values.Carbon emissions and carbon sinks from 2007 to 2016 in the study area are calculated.Carbon revenue in the study area is estimated.At the same time,the existing carbon sink market mechanism and shortcomings are elaborated and suggestions are provided to provide a reasonable reference for relevant policy formulation.Through the settlement of this paper,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)On the whole,the carbon emissions of the coastal provinces and cities are increasing year by year,and the growth rate of the carbon emissions of the provinces and cities has slowed down after 2011;from the ranking point of view,the data show that Shandong Province has the most carbon emissions,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Liaoning,Hebei and Jiangsu rank in the middle,and the speed is relatively slow.Shanghai,Fujian,Tianjin,Guangxi and Hainan have relatively low carbon emissions,slow growth rate and low ranking.(2)The trend of total carbon sinks of all provinces and cities is basically the same,showing a wave-band upward trend;from the ranking point of view,Fujian and Guangxi have been among the top,with the largest carbon sinks;Guangdong,Liaoning and Zhejiang are closely followed by the middle reaches;Hebei,Hainan,Shandong,Jiangsu and Tianjin rank next in turn,and carbon sink sources need to be further explored.(3)At present,the coastal provinces and cities are still in the stage of carbon emissions greater than carbon sinks.Except Guangxi and Fujian are in the “carbon surplus” state,other provinces and cities are in the “carbon deficit” state.Net carbon emissions are basically stable.Except for Shandong Province,the net carbon emissions of other provinces and cities increased only slightly,with Hebei,Liaoning,Zhejiang and Tianjin declining slightly.At the same time,the ranking of net carbon emissions of provinces and cities is relatively stable,ranked from high to low,Shandong Province ranked first,Jiangsu and Hebei followed by Liaoning Province,and Liaoning Province ranked second.Ning,Guangdong,Zhejiang,Shanghai and Tianjin followed closely.Hainan basically achieved carbon balance,and Guangxi and Fujian ranked the last.(4)As a developed area of China's economic development,China's coastal areas have been ranked among the top carbo n emissions in the country.In recent years,coastal provinces and municipalities have been looking for the transformation and upgrading of economic structure and new economic growth points.Carbon trading,on the one hand,can promote enterprises to implement energy saving and emission reduction independently by market-oriented mechanism,which plays an important role in promoting green development and reducing haze;on the other hand,new industries such as carbon finance,carbon service industry can be formed,and new economic growth points can be formed.Carbon trading will force enterprises to carry out transformation and upgrading independently,reduce pollutant emissions,reduce energy consumption,and accelerate the adjustment of energy structure and industrial structure.At the same time,the establishment of carbon trading pilot projects can promote the transformation of regional economic development,but also have a strong regional influence on other provinces,accelerate the formation and improvement of China's carbon market trading system.