Regional Difference Of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution And Its Influencing Factors In China

At present,China is facing the crisis of water shortage,which has a negative impact on the sustainable development of Chinese economy.What's worse,Water pollution,which makes more less water resources available and aggravates the crisis of water shortage.With the effective control of industrial sewage and municipal domestic sewage,agricultural non-point source pollution which emerged through agricultural production is becoming the primary source of water pollution(Zhang Jin et al.,2009,Zhumei,2011,Xia Jun et al.,2012)and the main target of controlling water pollution in China at present and in the future.Because there are great differences in agricultural development level and total water resources in different regions of China,we should take full account of the differences among different regions when we take measures to control the agricultural non-point source pollution in different regions.For this,the paper based on the perspective of environmental economics,took 30 provinces,municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions(except Tibet)in the mainland of China as the researching objects,used the inventory analysis method to calculate the agricultural non-point source pollution emissions from 2002 to 2016,and carried on the spatial and temporal characteristics analysis,which took the purpose of analyzing the difference among different regions' agricultural non-point source pollution in the case of excluding the external restrictions of different regions.After that,the total agricultural production value and total water resources,which are closely related to agricultural non-point source pollution,are added as external restrictions and took the agricultural non-point source pollution emission per unit of agricultural production value and the agricultural non-point source pollution emission per unit of total water resources amount as indicators respectively,and the Taylor index is used to analyze Regional differences and structural decomposition of agricultural non-point source pollution in China from2002 to 2016 were carried out.Then the panel data from 2002 to 2016 were used to empirically study the main economic factors affecting the level of agricultural non-point source pollution emissions.The research results will provide strongtheoretical support for formulating effective and reasonable agricultural non-point source pollution control policies according to local conditions.Around the above contents,the main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)As far as the total agricultural non-point source pollution emissions in China's regions(provinces,municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions)are concerned,the total agricultural non-point source pollution emissions in China fluctuated greatly from 2002 to 2007,and lasted from 2008 to2016,with a relatively small fluctuation range.As far as regional distribution is concerned,the regional distribution of agricultural non-point source pollution emissions,emission concentration and emission intensity in different regions of China(provinces,municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions)varies greatly from 2002 to 2016.(2)For the difference degree of agricultural non-point source pollution in different regions of China(provinces,municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions)was concerned,according to the calculation results pointed out by Theil,it can be found that the overall difference degree of agricultural non-point source pollution emission concentration and the overall difference degree of agricultural non-point source pollution emission intensity in China have been high from 2002 to 2016,but the overall difference of agricultural non-point source pollution emission concentration in China is still high.The difference degree is higher than the whole difference degree of agricultural non-point source pollution emission intensity in China.Through the analysis of the structure of the overall difference of emission intensity as well as concentration,and the analysis of the Theil index between the areas of agricultural non-point source pollution emission intensity and emission concentration(East,Central and West),whether there are differences between the eastern,central and Western regions,if there are differences and their proportion in the overall difference,it is found that in the period 2002-2016,the eastern,central and western agricultural areas are different.There are regional differences in intensity and concentration of source pollution emissions,and the degree of regional differences inintensity is higher than that in concentration.At the same time,it should be noted that there are obvious differences among regions(east,central and west),including provinces,municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions,which is also an important reason for the overall difference of agricultural non-point source pollution in China.(3)Through F-test and Hausman test,this paper chooses the variable intercept model to analyze the influencing factors of regional differences of agricultural non-point source pollution in China.Based on the analysis and comparison of the influencing factors of the intensity and concentration of agricultural non-point source pollution emissions in the east,middle and West regions,it is concluded that the five influencing factors,namely,the scale of breeding industry,the scale of planting industry,the level of regional economic development,the investment in agricultural fixed assets and the consumption of agricultural intermediate,have their respective effects on the intensity and concentration of agricultural non-point source pollution emissions in the east,middle and West regions,and the direction and extent of the impact.There are differences,which is considered to be the main factor leading to regional differences in agricultural non-point source pollution.At the same time,there are significant differences in the level of rural economic development,urbanization rate and the impact of rural population on the intensity and concentration of agricultural non-point source pollution emissions in the eastern,central and Western regions,even in all regions(eastern,central and western).Therefore,it can be considered that these factors are the factors leading to regional differences,but they are not the main factors.