| To study the effects of agricultural production behavior of farmers on non-point source pollution,a field survey was conducted to interview 90 households in the Simian Mountains,Jiangjin District,Chongqing in July 2018.The agricultural production behavior of farmers in the area was recorded in the form of a questionnaire.In the questionnaire,the survey indicators were set up on the farmer's personal information and the farmer's agricultural production behavior.The study will help optimize the farmer's behavior,promote agricultural non-point source pollution control and provide a model for the implementation of new rural construction goals.The regression analysis was carried out on the questionnaire data with the agricultural non-point source pollution as the dependent variable.The dependent variable was set as chemical fertilizer pollution(y1),pesticide pollution(y2)and weighted amount of chemical fertilizer pollution and pesticide pollution(y3).There were 44 independent variables including gender(xi),age(x2),political appearance(x3),job title(x4),education(x5-x8),number of family members(x9),number of agricultural labors(x10),percentage of grain crop area to total cultivated area(x11),agricultural income ratio(X12-x13),type of agricultural production activities(X14-x15),land use type(x16-x19),management scale(x20),land type(x21-x23),crop type(x24),number of plots(x25),percentage of grain crop area to total cultivated area(x26-x28),crop growth period(x29),farming method(x30-x31),irrigation method(x32?x34),years of agricultural work(x35?x36),hedgerow(x37),fertilization method(x38),fertilization basis(x39),technical training times(x40),farmers' environmental awareness(x41)and disposal of crop straw(X42?X44).The multiple linear regression models of agricultural non-point source pollution with farmers'agricultural production behavior were established as follows:(1)chemical fertilizer pollution y1=-2508.352+103.244 x1+136.291 x2+1535.151 x3-2893.000 x4+356.212 x5+153.625 x6+811.614 X7-4003.520 x8-54.044 x9+104.144 x10+269.168 x11-253.600 x12-355.019 x13+410.098 x17+2686.242 x18+2765.772 x19+279.325 x20-79.318 x2/-149.938 x22-462.239 x23+333.335 x24-98.398 x25-272.163 x26+156.765 x27+544.036 x29+2949.998 x30-312.096 x31-835.925 x33-2255.613 x34+2276.124 x35+518.779x36-135.125 x37-449.775 x38+340.300 x39-451.111 x40-749.677 x42-332.353 x43-1973.693 x44(R2=0.965,P=0.000).(2)pesticide pollution y2=-164.686-5.864 x1-24.764 x3+13.170 x6+14.275 x7+15.262 x8+2.429 x9+7.198 x10+19.752 x12+13.642 x13+5.601 x14+16.348 x15-54.745 x16+34.835 x17+88.939 x19-38.653 x20+8.506 x21-20.129 x23+60.107 x24+6.147 x26+7.028 x28-14.458 x29-26.131 x37+83.376 x35+141.454 x36-8.779 x37(R2=0.898,P=0.000).(3)weighted pollution y3=446.862-217.081 x3-79.392 x5-31.813 x9-160.240 x11-186.031 x13-249.614 x17+189.362 x18-161.392 x20-476.464 x23+130.157 x26+118.097 x27+233.244 x28+212.754 x32-453.305 x33+137.644 x38+146.017 X40-219.222 x41(R2=0.510,P=0.000).We can see from the regression models that(1)In terms of farmer characteristics,male tended to apply more chemical fertilizer,while female tended to use more pesticide;middle-aged farmers aged 35-59 tended to apply more chemical fertilizer;Chinese communists caused less agricultural non-point source pollution than non-party farmers;village cadres and farmers with higher education levels applied less chemical fertilizer;the more people in the household,the more pesticide was applied.(2)In terms of farmers' resource utilization behavior,the more agricultural labors,the more serious agricultural non-point source pollution was;less pesticide was applied in orchard,but the agricultural non-point source pollution in farmland,vegetable gardens and fishponds was more serious;the larger scale of farmland operation,the less serious the agricultural non-point source pollution was;less chemical fertilizer was applied in flat land and the non-point source pollution was less serious in terraces;the more the number of plots,the less fertilizer was applied;more pesticide was applied in livestock and aquaculture.(3)In terms of farmer's planting selection behavior,economic crops consumed more chemical fertilizer and less pesticide;higher proportion of grain area consumed less chemical fertilizer but more pesticide;the crops harvested twice a year produced less agricultural non-point source pollution.(4)In terms of farmers production and input behavior,more chemical fertilizer was applied in mechanical farming;the agricultural non-point source pollution of farmland using rainwater and sprinkler irrigation was less serious;the longer the farmer's agricultural time,the more serious the agricultural non-point source pollution was;the pollution of farmland with deep application was less serious;the amount of fertilization based on experience was more than the amount of fertilization based on crop growth(5)In terms of farmer's technology adoption behavior,the farmers with stronger environmental protection awareness caused less agricultural non-point source pollution;the farmers with more technical training times applied less chemical fertilizer.(6)In terms of farmers' environmental behavior,the agricultural non-point source pollution of farmland with hedgerows was less serious;less chemical fertilizer was applied in farmland if straw was used for feeding cows or returning to the fields,biogas and weaving or processing plates.(7)In terms of rural households' concurrent behavior,higher proportion of farmers' income consumed more chemical fertilizer and less pesticide.It is recommended to actively boost the construction of "agriculture,rural areas and farmers",and promote the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution with advanced technology in the region while improving the environmental awareness of farmers so as to achieve sustainable development of agriculture. |
PDF Full Text Request