The Enlightenment Of Kazakhstan's Environmental Impact Assessment System For The Improvement Of The EIA System In China

The environmental impact assessment system is the basic system of implementing the precautionary principle in the environmental law of our country.It is of great significance to promote the simultaneous development of economic construction,environmental construction as well as the construction of urban and rural.Environmental impact assessment(EIA)can provide the basis for reasonable site selection of construction projects and prevent the possible damage to the environment caused by unreasonable layout in advance.It can help people have a fair idea of the current situation of the environment around the project in advance,reasonably predict the possible impact of the project on the environment,and propose targeted environmental protection measures.China's environmental impact assessment system has been determined by legal form since 1979.It has experienced nearly 40 years of development.With the enactment and revision of the environmental impact assessment law and the promulgation of relevant laws and regulations,such as the regulations on the planning of environmental impact assessment,regulations on the administration of environmental protection for construction projects and measures for public participation in environmental impact assessment,the environmental impact assessment system in our country has made considerable progress and improvement.However,compared with the environmental impact assessment system in many other countries,there are still many problems in China's environmental impact assessment system.Such as the narrow scope of the environmental impact assessment scope,the general public participation system,the absence of the alternative scheme system,the lack of the public environmental impact assessment system,the system of expert opinion needs to be improved urgently,the examination and approval period of planning environmental impact assessment is not clear enough,and the independence of the EIA agency is not guaranteed.As the largest country among the five Central Asian countries,Kazakhstan is rich in natural resources.Therefore,it attaches more importance to environmental protection and energy use and has rich historical experience.The regulations on the environmental impact assessment system in the Kazakhstan Ecological Code are more comprehensive than our country in many aspects,which is worthy of our country's reference and learning,and has great inspiration for the improvement of our country's environmental impact assessment system.Our country should improve the environmental impact assessment system by the following methods.Further expand the scope of the environmental impact assessment,clarify the relevant details of the public participation system,introduce a partial alternative program system,establish a public environmental impact assessment system,perfecting the system of expert opinion,clarify the approval period for planning environmental impact assessment,and ensure the independence of the environmental impact assessment agencies and other ways.