Research On The Non-compliance Feature Of Polluting Firms Based On Big Data Of Continue Monitoring System

Environmental problem in China has attracted attention of the public in recent years Among all the source of pollutants,the emission of manufactural enterprise is the main source of air and water pollution.For the purpose of controlling the emission of firms,government has established a series of related policy and regulation,however,environment policy doesn't necessarily lead to expected effect without complete enforcement.Unfortunately,according to a series of empirical evidence and statistics,the enforcement of environment policy in China is far from efficient and complete,which is considered as one of the most important reasons of serious air pollution problem.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to be fully aware of the distribution and influencing factors of excessive emission for improving the environmental management level and reduce the pollutant level.Based on the data from continue monitoring system of pollutant emission,we made empirical research on the regulation of firms' excessive emission behavior.First we systematically cleaned and integrated the 3 databases:China Environmental Statistics Database,continue monitoring data and statistical yearbooks of China.Our database including more than 10 billion samples of emission records,basic information of approximately 100,000 firms and social economic development situation of regions in China.Secondly,we collected the regulation on emission standards from environment protection department and their websites to judge the whether the emission record reached the standard.Then we investigate the distribution regularities of excessive emission,and measured the bargaining power's effect on environment performance with the Big-Data technology,data visualization,and Mathematical statistics.At last we quantitatively estimate the impact of the ratio of firm's output value to local total industrial output value on the behavior of excessive emission,testing the effect of firms'bargaining power on environment behavior.To reducing the endogenous problems we respectively used the multiple linear regression and Tobit model to estimate the causal effect,and conducted a series of robustness check.The results indicates that the excessive emission records gradually reduced over time.From January of 2015 to December of 2016,3 main pollutants' excessive records and excessive rates both showed a downward trend.At the beginning of 2015,the number of 3 main pollutants' excessive emission fluctuate from 100-150,and the excessive rate is between 12-17%.By the end of 2016,the two indexes respectively reduced to 40-50 and 4-5%.TSP's excessive emission is concentrated between 0 to 10 o'clock and lower in the afternoon,while the nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide is higher around 10 to 12am.There were significant regional differences in the excessive emission behavior.The firms'environmental behavior in South area is significantly better than that in North area,specifically,firms in developed area like China's South-East coastal areas generally have less excessive emission record.Some cities has controlled the average excessive records under 100 while some other cities has reached 2000 or even higher.3 main pollutants showed different spatial clustering characteristics.Cities with the highest TSP excessive emission level concentrated in the northeast,north and central China,and cities with the highest sulfur dioxide excessive emission level concentrated in Inner Mongolia,Liaoning,Shaanxi,Gansu and Hebei provinces.Cities with the highest sulfur dioxide excessive emission level mainly distributed in the northeast,north and northwest China,and Yunnan and Guangxi's border area.There is a negative correlation between the regional economic development level and the excessive emission.With the growth of economy,the environment behavior of enterprises will also improve correspondingly.Excessive emission behavior is significantly correlated with a series of characteristics of enterprises.There is a positive correlation between firms' scale and excessive emission,namely,large firms generally have higher excessive records comparing to smaller firms.Among 3 kinds of ownership,foreign owned firms have less excessive records,and private owned firms take the second place,while State-owned firms behave worse than others.Petrochemical industry and power production are the industries with the highest average excessive emission level,while comprehensive l ight industrial products has the least.Each industry's excessive emission differs in type of pollutants,for example,excessive record of mineral extraction and procession industry mainly comes from the total suspended particulates,while that of the power generation industry mainly comes from nitrogen oxides.The bargaining power of enterprises has a significant positive impact on excessive emission behavior.Results suggests that for every 1%increase in the proportion of firms in the total industrial output value of the prefecture-level city,the number of excessive records rise 15970 or 10.13%,and this conclusion has passed robustness check.In advance,we find heterogeneity exists in this effect:bargaining power has significant effect on emission of nitrogen oxide while has no similar effect on total suspended particulates and sulfur dioxide.Ownership has moderating effect on the effect of bargaining power,namely,bargaining power has larger effect for state-owned firms and less effect for private owned firms.Our results provide new empirical evidence on firms' environmental performance,bargaining power and incomplete enforcement of environmental regulation,which brings policy implications for refined environmental management and improvement of management efficiency in China.