Study On Rural Domestic Waste Separation And Collection Technology And Composting Facilities

With the improvement of rural economic conditions,the large increase in the amount of rural domestic waste produced has also led to a sharp increase in the transportation and handling pressure of garbage.At present,the treatment of rural domestic garbage is mainly landfill,the treatment is extensive,the resource transformation is not enough,and a lot of organic resources are wasted.It is urgent to classify the garbage.Garbage sorting is a prerequisite for waste disposal and resource utilization.From July 2018 to February 2019,the classification of rural domestic garbage was investigated to obtain the production and change rules of domestic garbage,which provided a basis for collection and treatment.From the demonstration counties of rural domestic waste classification and resource utilization in Shandong,representative villages were selected as the research objects of research and collection of domestic wastes,namely,Caizhuang Village,Feixian County,Linyi City,Huangjiazhuang,Taishan District,Tai'an City,and Boshan District Bridge,Zibo City.East Village.According to the results of the follow-up survey,the per capita daily production of household garbage in the three villages was 482.95g/(person·d),529.91g/(person·d),and486.54g/(person·d),respectively.Based on the results of the follow-up survey combined with the principles of rural domestic waste treatment and resource utilization,this study proposes a five-category classification of rural domestic waste into compostable waste,variable selling waste,inert waste,hazardous waste and other waste.“Compostable waste” accounts for the highest proportion,followed by “recyclable garbage”,,mainly for paper shells,wine bottles,etc.The weight will increase significantly near the end of the year."Inert garbage" will appear in a certain month,but the total amount is not much.The non-toxic and harmless domestic garbage is adhered to the local treatment.The “compostable garbage” is collected regularly by the cleaning staff,and the local resources are realized through the composting facilities;the“variable selling garbage” is sold from the villagers to the recycling resource recycling enterprise;Recyclable materials in the “garbage” can be filled in pits,paved or buried nearby,and transported by farmers to designated locations in the village to prohibit urban inert waste from entering the countryside;“hazardous waste” is placed by the villagers themselves into hazardous waste collection containers or When the garbage is collected,it shall be sent to the hazardous waste storage point of the town by the cleaning staff,and then the enterprise that has obtained the hazardous waste business license shall go to the district/county-levelhazardous garbage storage facility for transportation and disposal;the “other garbage” shall be in accordance with the requirements of the urban-rural integrated garbage disposal system.Transport and handle.“Other waste”,“inert waste” and “hazardous waste” accounted for nearly 30%.It can be seen that after the recycling of compostable waste and the sale of waste,the disposal of waste is greatly reduced.With the goal of localization and resource utilization of compostable waste,aerobic composting was carried out.According to the geographical conditions and population density of different areas,composting facilities adapted to the actual situation were proposed.Taking the passive garbage composting house designed and constructed by the research group as the research focus,the structure,composition,production process and pollution control method were proposed,and the composting process was studied.The quality inspection indicators of compost products are in line with the technical indicators of bio-organic fertilizer products and meet the bio-organic fertilizer standards(NY844-2012).The passive garbage composting house can process 663 t of compostable waste every year,and its construction site selection is reasonable,and after effective pollution control measures are taken,the discharged pollutants are up to standard.Therefore,based on the method of classification and collection of rural domestic waste proposed in this study,and adhering to the principle of on-site treatment of non-toxic and harmless domestic garbage,the amount of domestic waste can be minimized and the amount of garbage disposed of can be reduced.