Synthesis And Application Of Oleate Type Diesel Antiwear Agent

With the attention of governments around the world on increasingly serious environmental issues,the requirements for the content of sulfur,nitrogen and other elements in vehicle fuels have been raised.In the process of reducing the sulfur content,the components with lubricating properties are removed together,resulting in greatly reduced lubricity of the diesel oil,When the diesel engine is running,severely damaging the precision components of the engine,and even causing the oil pump to leak oil and shorten the service life of the engine,resulting in a large economic loss.Therefore,it is of great significance to research and develop diesel anti-wear agents with excellent performance.In this paper,oleic acid and a polyol with a carbon number of 3 were selected as raw materials.The influence of each single factor on the reaction was investigated.The solid acid catalyst suitable for the reaction was selected to determine the optimal synthesis conditions.The synthesis process of the glyceryl monooleate is as follows: the ratio of the amount of the intermediate glycerol diborate to the oleic acid is 1:1.5,the reaction temperature is 155?,the reaction time is 4.5 h,and the amount of the solid acid HND-260 catalyst is 3% of oleic acid mass,50 mL of water-carrying agent xylene,and esterification rate of 86.1%;The synthesis process of the mixed oleic acid glyceride is as follows: the ratio of the amount of the raw material glycerin to the oleic acid substance is 1:1.2,the reaction time is 3.5 h,the amount of the solid acid SQ-ZG catalyst is 0.55% of the mass of the oleic acid,and the reaction temperature is 225 ?,the esterification rate under this condition is 99.61%;The synthesis process of 1,2-propanediol oleate is as follows: the ratio of the amount of oleic acid to 1,2-propanediol is 1:1.1,the reaction temperature is 170?,the reaction time is 6 h,and the amount of catalyst HND-260 is oleic acid.2.5% of mass,the esterification rate is 99.4%;the synthesis process of 1,3-propanediol oleate is: the ratio of the amount of oleic acid to 1,3-propanediol is 1:1,the reaction temperature is 190?,the reaction The time was 5 h,the amount of catalyst HND-260 was 2.0% of the mass of oleic acid,and the esterification rate was 99.43%.The experimental results show that the acid values of the four products are less than 1 mgKOH/g,the freezing point is less than-17?,and it has good thermal stability and demulsification performance.Other main physical and chemical properties are in line with the performance indicators of the standard Q/SHCG 57-2017 "Diesel anti-wear agent technical requirements" as anti-wear agents.The anti-wear performance was evaluated by high-frequency reciprocating tester.The results showed that the addition of glycerol monooleate reduced the wear spot diameter of Zhonghai Pitch 6 diesel from 610.90 ?m to 395.20 ?m when the addition amount was 190 mg/kg.When the amount of mixed oleic acid glyceride added is more than 150 mg/kg,the diameter of the wear spot can be reduced below 420 ?m.The 1,2-propanediol oleate and 1,3-propanediol oleate are added in the amount of 170 mg/kg,the wear spot diameter of the base diesel oil can be reduced from 610.90 ?m to 406.50 ?m and 395.64 ?m respectively;and the synthetic ester type anti-wear agent has better compatibility with the base diesel oil,and the physical and chemical properties of diesel oil are not affected obviously by the addition of the ester antiwear agent.