Study On Ecological Carrying Capacity Based On The Three-dimensional Footprint From The "Territory" Perspective

At present,China is in a period of rapid economic growth and urbanization.Human production and life exert heavy pressure on the natural ecosystem,gradually exceeding the carrying capacity of the natural ecosystem to support human beings.Human beings begin to overdraw the natural capital of the local ecosystem.Ecological carrying capacity is an important criterion for sustainable development.Under the background of ecological civilization construction,and the modernization of national governance capacity and governance system,improving regional ecological carrying capacity has become the focus of current government work.At present,there is no consensus on the theoretical understanding and evaluation methods of ecological carrying capacity in academic circles,and the existing research can not meet the realistic needs of regional sustainable development.This paper focuses on the theoretical exploration of ecological carrying capacity,reviews the conceptual changes of carnying capacity,from population carrying capacity,resource carrying capacity,environmental carrying capacity to ecological carrying capacity,and summarizes the basic concept,attributes,theoretical connotation and extension of ecological carrying capacity.This paper puts forward that ecological carrying capacity is the ideal carrying capacity of natural ecosystem to human activities under certain social and economic conditions,and the ecological carrying state is the relationship between the actual ecosystem carrying capacity and the pressure of human activities.This paper also summarizes three research paradigms based on ecosystem services,ecological footprint and multi-factor synthesis,and analyses the differences and links between different paradigms,as well as the advantages and disadvantages,application values and future development trends of each paradigm.Based on the deficiencies of the existing research paradigms of ecological carrying capacity,this paper proposes a new research paradigm.From the perspective of"territory"in the field of ecology,the new paradigm is focused on the attributes of local resources and environment,and uses three-dimensional ecological footprint model to evaluate the overall level of regional natural ecosystem,as well as the status and trend of regional sustainable development.This paper chooses Chongming District,Shanghai as a typical case for empirical analysis,and explores the advantages and disadvantages of the new paradigm based on the empirical results.In the empirical study,this paper selects and calculates five indicators,including ecological footprint,biological carrying capacity,ecological surplus,ecological deficit and footprint depth in different periods,and analyses the ecological carrying capacity of Chongming District from four dimensions:overall dynamic trend,land classification characteristics,spatial distribution,and comparison with Shanghai.Finally,it is found that the ecological carrying capacity of Chongming District has 4 main characteristics:(1)the district has high per capita ecological footprint;(2)the ecological system is lightly overload,(3)some landtypes and some towns are seriously overload,and(4)the overload status has gradually improved in recent years.In addition,the theoretical analysis and practical discussion of Chongming District's research results are carried out.