Investigation And Analysis Of Sanitary Condition Of Key Public Places From 2016 To 2018 In Bao'an District,Shenzhen

Objective:To monitor the sanitation status of accommodation,bathing places and the health status of employees in Baoan District of Shenzhen City from 2016 to 2018,understand the basic sanitation status of public places in Baoan District of Shenzhen City,grasp the main health hazards of public places and provide the foundation and technical support for health management and disease prevention in public places.Methods:From the database of accommodation and bathing places in Bao'an District of Shenzhen,six accommodations and eight bathing places were randomly selected as monitoring points to conduct general surveys of public places and questionnaires for employees,and to monitor the air quality of public facilities and bathing water from2016 to 2018.Sampling and testing shall be carried out in accordance with the"Public Health Inspection Methods for Public Places"?GB/T18204.1⁶-2013?.Air quality testing indicators include temperature,humidity,noise,formaldehyde,carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,PM_2.5,PM₁₀,benzene series,total number of bacteria and fungi.The indicators for public goods were pH values for towels and sheets;total number of colonies,coliforms and staphylococcus aureus for cups,tea sets,towels and sheets;total number of fungi for slippers.The indicators for bath water was legionella pneumophila.Monitoring was conducted quarterly,four times per year.The current"Public Health Standards for Public Places"?GB 9663-1996^GB 9670-1996?and SPSS21.0 statistical software was used to analyze and evaluate the key public health situation in baoan district,shenzhen.Results:1.The air quality monitoring results of accommodation places:totally 216 items of air samples of various public places were tested from 2016 to 2018,with the qualified rate of 41.20%.The qualified rate of physical factors such as temperature,humidity and noise were 40.74%,76.85%and 62.96%;the qualified rate of CO,CO2,benzene and PM₁₀0 both were 100%;the qualified rate of formaldehyde,toluene,xylene and PM_2.5.5 were respectively 90.74%,99.07%,94.39%and 79.63%.The difference in the qualified rate of humidity,noise,total fungus and PM_2.5.5 was statistically significantin different years?P<0.05?.The qualified rate of noise and PM_2.5.5 showed an upward trend.The qualified rate of fungi decreased year by year.There was a significant difference in the qualified rate of noise between different operating time?P<0.05?.The qualified rate of PM_2.5.5 was statistically significant between different operating areas?P<0.05?.The qualified rate of PM_2.5.5 was 100%in operating areas below 3000m²,but it was 73.81%in the operating area above3000m².2.Monitoring results of public goods in accommodation places:From 2016 to2018,a total of 1034 public goods were tested in Baoan District,Shenzhen,with the qualified rate of 65.47%.The difference of the qualified rate of public goods with different operating areas and different disinfection methods was significant?P<0.01?.The qualified rate of public goods in the accommodation area of less than 3000m²was higher than the area of more than 3000m².The qualified rate of self-sterilized public goods was only 54.83%,lower than the qualified rate of disinfection in other units.The qualified rate of pH value of fabrics such as towels and sheets was only44.84%and 31.58%,and the qualified rate of coliforms was 77.78%and 77.71%.3.Monitoring results of public goods in bathing places:A total of 1,428 kinds of public goods were detected in the bathing places in Baoan District,Shenzhen,with a qualified rate of only 57.84%.There was a significant difference in the qualified rate of public supplies with different disinfection methods?P<0.05?.The qualified rate of self-sterilized public goods appliances was 54.32%,which was lower than the external disinfection rate of 60.16%.The qualified rate of coliforms in fabrics such as towels and bathrobes was 59.60%and 81.82%;the qualified rate of slipper fungi was only 68.48%.A total of 445 bath water samples were tested,and Legionella pneumophila was not detected.4.Analysis of the health status of employees:A total of 1364 employees was surveyed of the health status in public places in Baoan District of Shenzhen City from2016 to 2018,including 554 in accommodation places,810 in bathing places.The incidence rate of sick building syndrome?SBS?is 30.50%.There were significant differences in the incidence of sick building syndrome among employees in places with different years of operation and different ventilation conditions?P<0.05?.Employees with a working time of more than two years have a lower incidence of SBS than those with a working time of less than two years?OR=0.71,95%CI:0.51⁰.99?.The incidence of the sick building syndrome in workplaces with good ventilation in the workplace was lower than in poorly ventilated areas?OR=0.32,95%CI:0.10¹.10?.The higher the age of employees,the higher the incidence of SBS?OR=1.22,95%CI:1.11¹.33?.The awareness rate of health risk factors in the workplace among employees is above 95%.Only 64.30%of the employees actively use protective equipment.More than 80%employees concerned about the possible health risks in the workplace and were willing to acquire relevant health knowledge.Conclusions:1.From 2016 to 2018,the physical indicators of air quality in Bao'an District,Shenzhen City,the qualified situation of temperature,humidity,and noise are poor,resulting in low overall qualification rate.The qualified rate of noise and PM_2.5.5 are increasing year by year.The qualified rate of PM_2.5.5 with a business area of less than3000 m² is significantly higher than that of a place with a business area of more than3000 m².2.The overall qualified condition of public goods is poor;among the monitoring indicators,the pH value of fabrics such as towels,bed sheets and bathrobes is poor,which leads to the low overall qualified rate of public goods;the qualification of the total number of fungi in slippers is not optimistic.The qualified rate of public goods in bathing places is lower than the public goods in residential places.The qualified situation of self-sterilized public goods is worse than the public goods disinfected in external units.No legionella pneumophila was detected in shower water.3.The health status of employees in public places is not optimistic.The symptoms of eyes,respiratory tract,skin irritation and nervous system appear to varying degrees.The occurrence of sick building syndrome is closely related to the years of operation and ventilation.The longer the operating time and the better the ventilation,the lower the incidence of sick building syndrome.The employees have a good knowledge of health risk factors in the workplace.The awareness rate of the transmission way of infectious diseases and disinfection knowledge was slightly lower.The personal protective attitude and behavior of employees remains to be improved.