Chemical Constituents From Fructus Mori

Fructus Mori belongs to Moraceae Morus L,also called sangzao,sangguo and sangshi.According to its color,can be divided into white mulberry(Morus alba L),black mulberry(Morus nigra L),red mulberry(Morus rubra L).In the present study,the chemical constituents and biological activities of different parts of mulberry were summaried in detail.Roots of Morus L are rich in flavonoids,Diels-Alder adducts,benzofurans,polyhydroxy alkaloids and glycosides.Flavonoids,Diels-Alder adducts and phenylpropylfuran derivatives were found in mulberry stem bark.flavonoids,phenolic acids,glycosides,polyhydroxy alkaloids,Diels-Alder adducts and 2-aryl benzofuran derivatives were found in mulberry leaves.The main compounds in mulberry fruit are polysaccharides,polyphenols,flavonoids and phenolic acids.Because of the diversity of chemical constituents in the genus Morus,the diversity of activity is caused.Black mulberry in Panzhihua of Sichuan Province as the plant meterial,which was extracted with 90% ethanol-water.Extract was then sperated on gel,polyamide,CHP20 P and Sephadex LH-20,detecting with HPLC to obtain 21 compounds.chemical reaction and spectral information were used to identified 19 compounds,namely cyanidin3-O-?-glucopyranoside(1),quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(3),?-sitosterol linoleate(4),(3S,4R,5R)-N-(3,5-dihydroxypiperidin-4-yl)acetamide(5),dihydrokaempferol7-O-?-D-glucopyranosid(6),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-rutinoside(7),kaempferol3-O-rutinoside(8),N-acetyl-L-cycloserine(9),lutein(10),5,7-dihydroxychromone(11),sitosterol-3-O-?-D-4'-O-octane-glucopyranoside(12),quercetin(13),rutin(14),pyrocatechl(15),n-hexacos-5,8,11-trienoic acid(16),morachalcone A(17),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(19),kaempferol 3-O-?-glucopyranoside(20),isobavachalcone(21).The compounds 4,10 and 12 were first isolated from Fructus Mori.Finally,eight compounds in mulberry were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC-DAD,and their standard curves were drawn to obtain the content of each compound in 90 % ethanol extract.The results showed that the method was accurate and reliable and easy to operate and high stability.Finally,the activity inhibition assy of compounds against tyrosinase,alpha-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase activaties were performed.