Effect Of Infant Formula Goat Milk Powder On The Construction Of Intestinal Probiotics

Microorganisms are highly symbiotic with the human body.They are the largest number and variety in the human intestines.They are even regarded as a human "organ".Their composition is extremely complex and diverse,more than 10 times the number of human body cells.Intestinal microorganisms are related to many diseases of the human body,such as inflammation,obesity,diabetes,tumors,etc.In recent years,a lot of systematic research has been carried out on the nutritional value,bioavailability and function of goat milk,and great progress has been made.Infant milk powder based on goat milk is also increasingly favored,especially for infants with allergies or intestinal diseases are particularly important.Bifidobacteria is considered to be the most probiotic bacteria in the human intestinal tract.Studying the diversity of intestinal and the population composition of bifidobacteria of infants fed with goat milk formula will provide a reference for monitoring the health status of infants with the change of age.Short-chain fatty acids are the major metabolites of intestinal microorganism,The detection of short-chain fatty acids in feces can reflect the intestinal flora.Therefore,54 feces samples from infants with different feeding patterns?different delivery mode and months of age were collected.High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the fecal flora,and use real-time Fluorescence quantitative PCR and gas chromatography detection for long-term tracking of the diversity and metabolism of Bifidobacteria in 23 infants fed with goat milk were beneficial to the development of infant milk powder and the analysis of infantile intestinal health.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)The results of the intestinal microbiota diversity by high-throughput sequencing technology showed that:(1)there was difference in the effects of mode of delivery on the intestinal microbiota of infants with the same feeding patterns and the same ages,The relative abundance of Actinobacteri?Firmicutes?Bacteroidets?Proteobacteria were 43.74%?25.48%?17.93%?9.71% respectively in phylum level in the MV1 group;they were 40.83%?44.31%?3.81%?11.01% respectively in the MF1 group;and similarly the relative abundance of them were 41.44%?43.84%?8.38%?6.27% respectively in the YV2 group;60.76%?24.85%?8.66%?5.70% respectively in the YF2 group;26.58%?47.73%?24.07%?1.58% in the YV3 group;34.77%?51.94%?11.10%?2.16% in the YF3 group;(2)In the same mode of delivery and the same ages,the abundance of infants with goat milk was more diverse and the abundance of the dominant microbiota was more higher,Actinobacteria accounted for 62.98% in the YV1 group,accounting for 43.74% in the MV1 group;Bacteriodetes accounted for 43.84% in the YV2 group,accounting for 35.71% in the NV2 group;(3)For different months infants that they were the same mode of delivery and the same feeding patterns,the intestinal flora was significantly different(P<0.05).The bacterial flora of second-stage infant feeding goat milk formula was more diverse and Lactobacillus have the highest relative abundance compared with the I and III segments,and are dominant bacteria with significant differences.(2)Bifidobacteria in infants showed that:(1)B.breve?B.pseudocatenulatum?B.longum are the dominant Bifidobacteria in infants,B.infantis is the dominant strain before the age of 1 year;(2)As the age growing,the proportion of dominant species remains basically the same,but the abundance is different;(3)In the 6-12 month infants fed with goat milk formula,it was found that B.breve?B.pseudocatenulatum?B.longum are still dominant species.However,in some infants,B.bifidum gradually becomes the dominant species.(3)The analysis of short-chain fatty acid showed that:(1)In intestinal microbial metabolites,acetate,propionic acid,and butyric acid are included in infants of different months;(2)Intestinal environment of infants maintained a high level of acetic acid before 12 months of age.After 14 months of age,the content of acetic acid gradually decreased,but the content of acetic acid remained high in some cases between 14 and 22 months of age,and the content tends to be stable after 24 months of age;(3)The content of propionic acid was at a low level before the one year old,and gradually increased from 13 to 24 months,after which the content decreased and stabilized;(4)The content of butyric acid was lower before 12 months,significantly increased from 13 months to 24 months,and the content of butyric acid was significantly different in infants;the contents of isobutyric acid,isovaleric acid and valeric acid were all at a low level in the early life(0-36 months).