Brominated Flame Retardants In Marine Environment Focused On Aquaculture Area:Occurrence,Source And Bioaccumulation

Brominated flame retardants(BFRs)like polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)and hexabromocyclododecanes(HBCDs)were investigated to identify their occurrence,sources and bioaccumulation in bivalve(e.g.,mussels and oysters),sediment and seawater collected from aquaculture and non-aquaculture area in South Korea.In bivalve and sediment,HBCDs were the highest contributor of BFRs with the range of ND-67.52 ng/g lipid weight and ND-168 ng/g dry weight,respectively.However,in seawater,TBBPA was detected higher(ND-2.79 ng/L)than other BFRs.HBCDs and PBDEs in all matrices from aquaculture showed significantly higher concentration than those of non-aquaculture(Mann-Whitney U test,p<0.05).However,the magnitude of differences for HBCDs were higher than PBDEs,indicating that aquaculture area might be affected by other possible sources such asexpanded polystyrene(EPS)buoy used widely in aquaculture.