Extraction And Purification Of Saponins From Quinoa Seeds And Its Antimicrobial,Anticancer Activities In Vitro

Quinoa?Chenopodium quinoa Willd?is an annual Chenopodium herb with high protein content and microelements such as calcium,iron,zinc and vitamin E.Studies have shown that quinoa saponins have a variety of antimicrobial,antioxidant,antiviral and other effects,but no in-depth study has been conducted on human pathogenic bacteria,and the anticancer activity of quinoa saponins has not been reported.In this paper,quinoa seeds were used as research materials to extract and purify quinoa saponins,and its antimicrobial activity and anticancer activity were preliminarily studied,providing theoretical basis for the development of quinoa saponins in medicine and health food.The main contents and results of this paper are as follows:1.Ultrasound-assisted extraction of quinoa seed saponins was carried out by using solvent method to obtain the single factor parameters of extraction process as follows:material-liquid ratio 1:30?g/mL?,ethanol concentration 70%,ultrasonic time 60 minutes.On the basis of single factor test results,the optimum technological parameters were obtained by response surface methodology:the ratio of material to liquid was 1:35.5?g/mL?,the concentration of ethanol was 72.5%,and the ultrasonic time was 63 minutes.Under these conditions,the extraction amount of saponins was the highest,which was 19.252 mg/g.2.D101 macroporous resin was selected to purify quinoa saponin and determine the optimum technological parameters:sample concentration 5 mg/mL,sample flow rate 1.0mL/min,eluent?ethanol?concentration 90%,elution flow rate 1.0 mL/min,and the purity of quinoa saponin 39.7%.3.The High Performance Liquid Chromatography?HPLC?was acetonitrile:water=90:10?V:V?;flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;column temperature was 30 C;injection volume was 10?L;and the content of oleanolic acid saponins was determined at 210 nm.4.The antimicrobial activity of quinoa saponins was studied by paper method.The results showed that quinoa saponins had obvious inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Surface coccus and Escherichia coli.The minimum inhibitory concentration of Staphylococcus aureus was 1.25 mg/mL,and that of Surface coccus and Escherichia coli was 2.5 mg/mL.Therefore,the inhibitory effect of quinoa saponins on Staphylococcus aureus was most sensitive.5.The anticancer activity of quinoa saponin was studied by MTT method.The results showed that quinoa saponin could inhibit the growth of SGC-7901?HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells.Within the experimental concentration range,when the concentration of quinoa saponin was 800?g/mL,the inhibition rate of SGC-7901 reached 85.581%,and its half growth inhibition IC₅₀value was 83.49?g/mL;and the inhibition rate of HepG-2 was 82.064%,and its half growth inhibition IC₅₀0 was 202.700?g/mL;and the inhibition rate of MCF-7was 88.494%,and its half growth inhibition IC₅₀0 was 118.600?g/mL.Therefore,the inhibitory effect of quinoa saponins on SGC-7901 cells was most obvious.