| The tailings pond is an essential production facility among mining enterprises,which plays a major role in environmental protection and resource protection;at the same time,it is also the biggest source of danger in mining enterprises.In the ranking of international disaster accidents,the disaster caused by the tailings dam is located at the 18 th place.When the tailings site is sited,it is difficult to avoid water sources or densely populated areas due to various other factors such as geographical location.Therefore,the failure of a tailings pond and the formation of a debris flow disaster will bring serious losses and disasters to production,ecology,the environment,and people’s lives and property.Therefore,the study on the environmental risk assessment of tailings reservoirs is urgently needed.This work will provide theoretical support for forecasting and preventing environmental accidents in tailings ponds,and it will also be of great significance in reducing the severity of tailings pond environmental risk accidents and environmental protection..This thesis uses the Majiatian tailings pond reservoir in Yinjiang Town,Eastern District,Panzhihua City,Sichuan Province as the research object,based on high-resolution remote sensing images,DEM data,Panzhihua City’s basic geographic information dataset and data of Panzhihua City Nature Reserve,etc.,to be extracted by spatial analysis tools.The information of useful indicators of the Majiatian tailings pond reservoir was evaluated using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(FAHP)to assess the environmental risks of the Majiatian tailings reservoir.And through the prediction model of the risk range of the dam tailings dam downstream,the hazard range of the Majiatian tailings dam is predicted and the results are displayed in three dimensions.The research results of this paper are as follows:(1)Extracting useful information from Majiatian tailings pond reservoir through spatial analysis tools,including Majiatian tailings pond reservoir area,perimeter,main ditch length,reservoir type,dam height,downstream twist and downstream average slope The information of the basin,the area of risk basins,the spatial distribution of risk receptors to tailings reservoirs,and the maximum relative elevations in the basin provide basic data for the later period of the Majiatian tailings pond environmental risk assessment and risk range prediction.Based on the information obtained,the Majiatian tailings pond reservoir was analyzed to show that the dam body is taller,the storage capacity is larger,and the overhead reservoir(dam reservoir with high dam potential,high potential energy and very close downstream of residents or other important facilities)specialty.This shows that the potential hazards and risks of the tailings are relatively large.(2)As a target layer,the environmental risk assessment of the Majiatian tailings reservoir is divided into three criteria layers: the possibility of environmental accidents,the hazards,and the effectiveness of preventive measures.Each criterion layer is then decomposed into measurable 23 indicators.The index layer was formed to form the 3rd-level 23 indicators of the Majiatian tailings reservoir environmental risk assessment index system.Combined with the expert scoring method and the literature reference method,the judgment matrix is constructed and weighted and quantified for each index.(3)Through the indicator information and the weight of each indicator,the inherent risk rate of the Majiatian tailings pond reservoir is calculated to be 0.4,which is within the larger risk range value,but through effective preventive measures,the reality of the Majiatian tailings reservoir has been achieved.The risk rate is 0.11,which is within the general risk range.This shows that the Majiatian tailings pond deposit may have a slight environmental risk.According to its characteristics of “higher dam body,larger storage capacity” and “head bank”,the Majiatian tailings pond must be strengthened.Library’s environmental risk prevention and monitoring work,especially the risk management during the flood season.(4)Predict the dangerous range of the Majiatian tailings pond reservoir,and combine the topographic and geomorphologic features of the Majiatian tailings reservoir to determine the flow direction and possible accumulation location of the Majiatian tailings dam,and select an appropriate debris flow accumulation fan For the generalized model of plane morphology,the applicable risk prediction model for tailings reservoirs was selected to calculate the predicted risk range of the Majiatian tailings reservoir,and the results were presented in three dimensions.To provide theoretical guidance for the implementation of the emergency management of the Majiatian tailings dam and the prevention of accidents. |
