Research On Structural Optimization Design Of Fire Fighting Suits

As a special kind of protective clothing for firefighters,fire fighting suits need to have extraordinary performances in thermal and mechanical protection.Along with good thermal and wet comfort,they also need an excellent movement comfort for professional fire fighting and rescuing.High-efficiency of fire fighting and rescuing must be ensured along with the maximum protection for firefighters.Using a combining method of experimenting and researching and according to these requirements of functions,this project aims to optimize the material and external structure of the active fire fighting suits and to design a complete set of inside-out improvement programs,making them more suitable for modern fire fighting and rescuing.Firstly,Optimizing the thermal protection performance of the fire fighting suit,and the material of the flame retardant insulation layer is the carrier for realizing the thermal protective function.The high-performance fiber and fabric are selected and compared with the commonly used fibers and fabrics of fire-fighting suits at home and abroad.This project tested the tensile properties,flame retardancy,thermal stability,weather resistance,the fabric's fracture tear strength,abrasion resistance and wash color fastness,surface moisture resistance and thermal protection performance.According to the data results,the polyester one has better comprehensive thermal protection performance,mechanical protection performance and wearability.Therefore it's the most excellent fiber and fabric for the outer layer and the insulation layer material of fire fighting suits.Secondly,the thermal and moisture comfort of the comfort layer of the fire fighting suit is optimized.The PCM phase changes microcapsule spinning fabric,coated fabric and padded fabric are selected and analyzed by microscopic morphology analysis of several fabrics and original fabrics.And the temperature performance,surface properties,compression properties and moisture permeability are tested and compared.According to the analysis of the experimental results,the PCM microcapsules have the best comprehensive performance.The comfort layer material can be used to ensure the softness and comfort while improving the thermal comfort.In addition,the negative pressure vacuum bag can be designed inside the comfort layer.Firefighters can manually absorb the sweat in the environment of the fire fighting suit by manually controlling the opening and closing,in order to prevent the humidity in the interior environment from being too high.The fire fighting suit improved by the heat and humidity comfort can theoretically prevent the thermal stress from being too high and prevent the firefighters from having symptoms such as heat stroke.Finally,functionally optimizing the external structure of the fire fighting suit and improving the flame retardant protection of the external joints.In addition,through the investigation and review of the fire brigade and the literature,combined with the rescue environment and common firefighting accessories,summed up the commonly used actions in the firefighting rescue;Finally,based on ergonomic principles,fire fighting suits,protective helmets,fire gloves and fire protection boots are improved,and a new type of sliding harness is designed to fix fire rescue equipment and trapped personnel in fire fighting suits.Through the work we have done,we can improve rescue efficiency and safety,and can better ensure the safety of firefighters and trapped people.