Research On Energy Efficiency Evalution And Influencing Factors Of Listed Iron And Steel Enterprises

China is the largest producer and consumer of iron and steel in the global world,iron and steel(I&S)industry is an important pillar of the national economy,but also high energy consumption,high pollution,high emissions,so the I&S industry is a key area to implement energy conservation and emission reduction.I&S enterprises face the dual pressure of product transformation and upgrading and green and clean production.How to coordinate the contradiction between steel production and energy resources and environment is the key to the transformation and upgrading of I&S industry in the future.An objective and accurate evaluation of the energy efficiency of I&S enterprises is of great significance for improving the energy efficiency of I&S industry and accelerating the social responsibility of steel industry.This paper applies a super-efficiency distance direction function model including undesirable outputs to measure of 24 listed enterprises in the iron and steel industry from 2000 to 2016 and then explains the difference between the 24 enterprises from region,scale and age angle.To analyzes its influencing factors quantitatively,the paper uses the Tobit panel data regression model.First,the enterprises were grouped according to its ownership,then the influence of energy efficiency was analyzed from factors such as enterprises size,regional energy resource endowment,proportion of technicians in employees,employees' education level,board members' educational background and research and develop(R&D)expenditure.The study finds that the energy efficiency value in the period of 2012-2018 showed a U-shaped trend of first decline and then increase,and the industry average energy efficiency value was the lowest in 2016.In addition,the energy efficiency value of the eastern region is higher than that of the central,western and northeast regions;the energy efficiency value of enterprises with a long time of establishment is relatively low.The scale of enterprises has a significant negative impact on the energy efficiency of state-owned and private steel enterprises.In addition,the technical level and education of employees have positive effects on the state-owned enterprises.Regional energy resources endowment and R&D investment have an impact on the energy efficiency of state-owned enterprises;the factors that have a significant positive impact on private enterprises include the education level of employees,r&d investment,technical level and educational level of the board of directors.The regional energy resource endowment has no significant impact on the energy efficiency of private enterprises.On the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper puts forward some targeted policy suggestions:deepen the restructuring of advantages and improve the degree of industrial concentration;strengthen technical transformation to help enterprises to produce more efficiently;attach importance to talent training and promote the sustainable development of the enterprise;optimize industrial distribution and promoting coordinated regional development.