Research On Comprehensive Evaluation Method And Application Of Urban Air Quality Based On Data Integration

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,environmental problems have become increasingly serious.How to evaluate air quality objectively is of great significance for preventing air pollution.Air quality is a comprehensive concept,The evaluation of urban air quality should not be limited to the air quality data itself.It should also fully consider the natural endowments and socioeconomic conditions of each city.Therefore,this thesis attempts to construct a comprehensive evaluation system of urban air quality based on data integration from the perspectives of air pollutants,economic society and natural environment.In view of the storage platform and data granularity of the collected air quality and meteorological data,which are different from traditional survey data,they cannot be directly modeled and analyzed with socioeconomic data.Therefore,a hybrid functional principal component model is proposed to solve the heterogeneous data integration problem.And apply air quality data and meteorological data of major cities in China.Research indicates: The concentration of urban air pollutants in China changes seasonally.Except for ozone,the pollution in spring and summer was light,while that in autumn and winter was heavier.All meteorological indicators also show obvious seasonal changes;Using this model,the cumulative contribution rate of the first principal component of the joint variation feature of air quality data was 95.1%,and the cumulative contribution rates of the first principal component of wind speed,precipitation,and temperature were 98.8%,87.73%,and 95.42%,respectively.It shows that the model can extract data effectively,and the first principal component score can be used to replace the air pollution status and meteorological level,so as to meet the requirements of the subsequent comprehensive evaluation of air quality.The main change characteristics of six categories of air pollutants were extracted as pollutant index and meteorological index as meteorological factor.On this basis,join the selection of relevant indicators from economic,social and natural factors to build an evaluation index system,and comprehensively evaluate the air quality levels of 73 major cities in China.The results show that precipitation has the greatest impact in the indicator system;From the perspective of time and latitude,the air quality in China has been improving and developing with time.Air quality in the Pearl River Delta region ranked high,while in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region ranked low.At the same time,the natural conditions in the area have a significant impact on air quality,and cities with high energy-consuming heavy industries as the main economic source have worse air quality than regions that rely mainly on tertiary industries such as tourism.Based on the above research results,Suggestions for improving air quality are put forward according to the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of urban air pollutants in China and the comprehensive evaluation results,hoping to provide reference for China’s cities to formulate air pollution control policies.