Spatial Morphology Of Multistory Residential Areas In Severe Cold Regions Optimization Research Based On PM2.5 Diffusion During The Heating Period

In the past 20 years,China's cities have developed rapidly,and the scale of cities has been expanding.Although people's living standards have been greatly improved,they face serious urban air pollution problems such as smog and other serious air quality.The problem can only be sighed.PM2.5 particulate matter,which is the main component of smog,has become the chief culprit for many problems.However,in the cold-stricken areas,the concentration of PM2.5 in the environment increased sharply during the longer heating period.Therefore,it is of practical significance to study the influence of the spatial layout of urban residential space with frequent resident activities on the concentration of PM2.5.The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the diffusion of PM2.5 in urban settlements and its spatial shape layout from the perspective of mitigating PM2.5 pollution,and to develop a set of scheme strategies suitabl e for urban residential layout design.The city's residential planning and design provides a reference.This paper firstly expounds the basic theories about PM2.5 characteristics and its diffusion characteristics,and analyzes and classifies the enclosed,determinant and mixed forms of multi-story settlements in Harbin,which is the subsequent settlement pattern and The study of PM2.5 diffusion laid the foundation.Then,through the combination of actual measurement and simulation,the spatial morphology of multi-story residential areas in Harbin was studied.First of all,during the winter heating period in Harbin,the Hakkakang City Community,Xintiandi Community and the residential areas in the vicinity of the Daoli District with typical multi-dwelling morphological characteristics were selected for field testing.The measured results show that the difference of air temperature,relative humidity and spatial morphology in the residential area has an effect on the PM2.5 concentration change and the concentration field distribution.There is a significant negative correlation between PM2.5 concentration and air temperature,and a significant positive correlation with relative humidity.The greater the relative humidity,the stronger the positive correlation.The difference in the arrangement of determinant settlements will affect PM2.5.The diffusion,and the correlation between PN2.5 concentration and air temperature and relative humidity,the difference in courtyard morphology of enclosed residential areas a lso affects the diffusion of PM2.5.In addition,the CFD simulation method is used to simulate the measured residential area,and the measured results are compared with the simulation results to verify the accuracy of the simulation.After that,a simplifi ed model of the various settlement patterns in this study was established for further simulation studies.In the case of changing the influence factors of various spatial forms,the simplified ideal models are simulated.The simulation results show that the spatial form factors,such as the number of courtyard openings,the azimuth and the courtyard size of the enclosed settlement,the determinant settlement The width of the building,the staggering factor,and the relative orientation of the enclosure and the row in the mixed settlement have a significant impact on the diffusion of PM2.5,and systematically analyzes the PM2.5 concentration field of various idealized settlements.situation.In this paper,through the two methods of measurement and simulation,the correlation between PM2.5 concentration distribution in winter and the multi-layer spatial shape of residential area in Harbin heating period has been mastered,and the most favorable for PM2.5 diffusion is obtained.The spatial form,and based on th e results of such research,proposes an optimization strategy for the multi-story spatial form planning of Harbin.