Research On China Provincial Green Total Factor Productivity And Its Influencing Factors

The great reform and opening up policy implemented at the Third Session of the Eleventh Central Committee has allowed my country's economy to grow rapidly for 40 years.There are hidden worries behind its brilliant achievements.Behind the rapid economic growth is the massive consumption of energy resources and serious environmental pollution.The Chinese government has long realized that this development model is unsustainable,so it proposes to fight the pollution prevention and control,build an ecological civilization,and turn to green economic development with high quality development.Exploring the quality of China economic development after considering energy and environmental factors is of great significance for understanding the current status of China economic development.This paper incorporates energy input and environmental pollution into the calculation of green total factor productivity,using Luenberger index and SBM directional distance function to calculate the green total factor productivity and environmental inefficiency values and their sources of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2000 to 2017,Using the Malmquist index to calculate the total factor productivity,comparative analysis and regional analysis of the evolution of green total factor productivity The results show that the green total factor productivity after considering energy and environmental factors is higher than that without considering energy and environmental factors,with an average annual growth rate of 1.24%,indicating that the quality and efficiency of China economic development are constantly improving,and it is shifting from rough development to high Quality development.Technological progress is the main driving factor.The technical efficiency is still negative growth,and the efficiency of factor allocation and the optimal allocation of resources need to be improved.Green total factor productivity shows a clear cascading decline in eastern,central,and western regions,and regional development is still very uneven.The average value of China environmental inefficiency in was 0.256,and the input and output inefficiencies were 0.12 and 0.135,respectively.Among them,there was no inefficiency in GDP.The four major sources of environmental inefficiency are: SO₂,labor,energy,and CO₂.The value of environmental inefficiency presents a clear upward trend in the east,middle,and west steps.The value of environmental inefficiency in the eastern region is only 0.09,and that in the central and western regions is 0.311 and 0.381,respectively.This paper analyzes the influencing factors of GTFP from seven dimensions: economic development level,R&D investment intensity,capital deepening level,foreign direct investment,trade openness,government environmental regulation,and local government competition level.The increase in the square of real GDP per capita,the intensity of R&D investment,and the square of government environmental regulation can improve GTFP;while the increase in real GDP per capita,capital deepening level,foreign direct investment,trade openness,and government regulation has a negative effect on GTFP.The results show that the per capita income has an inverted U-shaped relationship with GTFP,which proves that the "environmental Kuznets curve" is established in China;the increase in foreign direct investment and trade openness will deteriorate GTFP,that is,the "pollution paradise hypothesis" is established in China;There is a U-shaped relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and GTFP.The weaker intensity of government environmental regulation will bring additional costs to enterprises.As the intensity of environmental regulation increases,the "innovative compensation effect" of environmental regulation on enterprises It will be greater than the "cost effect" and increase productivity;R&D investment can promote the growth of GTFP and the level of capital deepening is the opposite;the level of local government competition has a negative effect on GTFP,indicating that the local government has formulated local economic development policies for the rapid development of GDP There will be intentional or unintentional relaxation of environmental standards and lower total factor productivity.