| In this study,Gymnadenia conopsea in 12 populations on the south,west and north slopes of Changbai Mountain was used as the research object.ISSR molecular marker technology analyzed the genetic diversity and genetic structure of different palm ginseng populations,the PCR-RFLP technique was used to analyze the microbial community structure changes in different soil environments.The relationship between soil environment,microbial community structure,genetic diversity of palm ginseng population and fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine was analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows:1.In ISSR molecular markers,the average PPL of palm ginseng is 49.218%,and the average value of He is 0.176,indicating that palm ginseng has a narrow distribution range and low genetic diversity.The average value of gene differentiation coefficient Gst was 0.1618.AMOVA analysis also revealed low genetic differentiation among populations,and showed that genetic differentiation mainly occurred within populations,and differentiation among populations only accounted for 11.9% of genetic differentiation.2.The Gymnadenia conopsea population can grow in an acid soil environment with a pH of 4.58-5.46,of which: the soil pH on the north slope is 5.01,the pH range on the south slope is 4.76-5.49,the pH range on the west slope is 4.58-5.10,and the altitude gradient span Up to 1498-2164 m.Soil organic matter content is 17.34-32.7 g/kg,north slope soil organic matter is 22.928 g/kg,west slope soil organic matter is 17.342-32.706 g/kg,south slope soil organic matter is 18.573-25.557 g/kg,84% organic matter reaches one Grade fertility standards,with the increase of altitude,the soil organic matter content showed an increasing trend.The available phosphorus content of the soil is 10.947-35.645mg/kg,the available phosphorus content of the north slope soil is 31.675 mg/kg,the west slope soil range is 10.947-31.548 mg/kg,the south slope soil range is 26.523-35.645 mg/kg.With the change of altitude gradient,the soil moisture,pH,invertase and other soil factors will be changed.At the same time,there is a certain correlation between soil factors.In the analysis of the main component score and the comprehensive score value of the soil,the contribution rate of soil water content,soil acid phosphorus content,and total nitrogen to soil nutrition is positive and the contribution rate is large,so the soil water content,total nitrogen,and acid phosphorus.It is positively correlated with soil nutrition status,and negatively correlated with soil invertase content,fungal biomass and available phosphorus content.3.The soil microbial diversity of different palm ginseng populations has certain differences,of which the fungal difference is the largest,followed by the actinomycetes,and the bacterial difference is the smallest.The fungal community diversity index has the following relationship in the multivariate stepwise regression analysis of the active ingredients of palm ginseng: The fungal community diversity index H participates in the construction of the regression equation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde,and its partial regression coefficient is positive.With the change of the fungal community diversity index H,the content of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde changes the same.The fungal community diversity index H participates in the regression equation constructed by adenosine,and its partial regression coefficient is positive.With the change of the fungal community diversity index H,the adenosine content changes the same.4.The soil fungal community structure is one of the factors that affect the fingerprint difference.Soil factors may indirectly affect the contents of the four active ingredients through the microbial community structure.Genetic factors are one of the factors that affect the secondary metabolites of palm ginseng.The closer the genetic distance between communities,the higher the fingerprint similarity of the four secondary metabolites. |
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