Research On China's Carbon Emission Responsibility And Carbon Transfer Under Income Principle

International trade has accelerated the mobility of production factors,goods and services across international borders,resulting in a geographical segmentation in production,consumption and distribution,making it impossible to objectively estimate countries' carbon emission responsibility under the production-based carbon emission principle which only focuses on production process.In addition to being closely related with the development interest of countries,carbon emission responsibility has a profound impact on global climate policy.The divergence in carbon emission responsibility is the main dispute of global climate policy.In China,due to the practical defects of production-based principle,pressure from developed countries in carbon emission reduction and domestic requirement for low-carbon economy,establishing an objective and equitable carbon emission policy remains unsolved.Studying China's carbon emission responsibility under income-based principle would be crucial in solving this problem.This paper starts with a discussion of China's carbon emission under income-based principle.It introduces the fundamental concept and model of income-based principle.It also verifies China's carbon emission responsibility and responsibility transfer under the principle from 1995 to 2011,using Ghosh Model,a multiregional input-output analysis model,based on data from global input-output database and carbon emission.With the result,it analyzes the difference in carbon emission responsibility between income-based principle and production-based principle,carbon emission per capita,carbon emission intensity,carbon trade balance and industry distribution in China.In terms of carbon emission transfer between China and other countries,it analyzes the types of transfer,country and industry distribution.The result of total carbon emission and carbon emission per capita indicates that the carbon emission reduction is more challenging today,no matter under which principles.Having negative carbon trade balance,China is held accountable for all production related carbon emission under production-based principle,which indicates that other countries net transfer carbon emission to China.China becomes one of the main global methods of carbon responsibility transfer.This paper ends with possible solutions on carbon emission reduction and low carbon sustainable growth by the methods such as international cooperation and industry development.In addition,this paper suggests that China should advocate reasonable and subjective carbon emission division frame as well as accelerate income-based carbon reduction policy.