Research On Evaluation Of China's Provincial Carbon Emission Based On Income Principle

Excessive exploitation of the natural has led to the continuous deterioration of the global climate.The reduction of greenhouse gas has been concerned internationally.As the largest carbon emitter in the world,Chinese government has set the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions to make contributions to global climate governance.As the basic unit for the implementation of China's environmental and economic policy,the provincial administrative district has great differences in carbon emission reduction responsibility,emission reduction capacity and level of policy implementation.How to determine a fair,reasonable,effective and feasible division of inter-provincial carbon emission responsibility is of great significance to the implementation of China's climate policy and the realization of emission reduction targets.It is the basic work for the national emission reduction target to be decomposed into provinces.Based on the perspective of a supply chain,this paper systematically reviews the definition and mechanism of the producer-based responsibility,the consumer-based responsibility and the income-based responsibility according to the position of different participant in the supply chain,the direction of product flow and the direction of carbon transfer.The multi-regional input-output model(MRIO)is used to measure the carbon emission of 30 provinces in 2007,2010 and 2012.From the view of supply side,this paper analyzes the time trend,spatial distribution and key industry sectors in different provinces.Then compares the carbon emission with other principles,reveals the provincial sensitivity of carbon emission and productive driving force from the perspective of income responsibility.Results of the research show that: In 2007,2010 and 2012,from the perspective of income-based responsibility,the carbon emission of all provinces increased except Shanghai.The carbon emission responsibility of different provinces differ greatly from each other under different perspectives.In most provinces,the carbon emission responsibility under income-basedresponsibility is less than producer-based responsibility,but greater than consumer-based responsibility.The distribution of carbon emission responsibility based on income-based responsibility in China presents a "east-middle-west" decreasing space gradient pattern.Two kinds of province should take on more income responsibility.One is the developed province,which is deeply involved in in the supply chain.The other is the Midwest resource-based provinces that export amounts of primary energy of production and at a lower level in the supply chain.Moreover,compared with the other two principles,the responsibility for provincial carbon emission under the income principle was more obvious in three sectors,and the service industry represented by financial industry also occupied a larger share.The dynamic relationship of different province is more complex as time changes.Based on this,this paper discusses the applicability of the income principle in the accounting of China's provincial carbon emission responsibility,puts forward policy suggestions such as building the multidimensional dynamic inter-regional eco-compensation mechanism and contributing more Chinese Wisdom to the world's climate change governance.