Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Antitumor?Antibacterial Activities Of Heleocharis Dulcis(Burm.f.)Trin Peel And Enteromorpha Prolifera

Edible plants with excellent medicinal value are an important biological resource and have a long history of application in China.The study of their chemical composition and nutrients is a great significant for the full development and utilization of these valuable resources.In this paper,we selected Heleocharis dulcis(Burm.f.)Trin peel and Enteromorpha prolifera as the research object.Using a variety of separation methods twenty-eight compounds were isolated from the two plants,and the structures of all 28 compounds were identified by modern spectroscopy(infrared spectroscopy,mass spectrometry,nuclear magnetic resonance,etc.)combined with their physicochemical properties.Among them,20 compounds were isolated from Heleocharis dulcis(Burm.f.)Trin peel:?-sitosterol(B1),16-Hentriacontanone(B2),betulinic acid(B3),?-daucosterol(B4),phenol,2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-,1,1',1"-phosphite(B5),(3?)-Lup-20(29)-ene-3,30-diol(B6),cinnamic acid(B7),betulin(B8),ferulic acid(B9),n-tetratriacont-20,23-dienoic acid(B10),p-coumaric acid(B11),kaempferol(B12),quercetin(B13),chlorogenic acid(B14),17-33 ketones(B15),caffeic acid(B16),rutin(B17),coumarin(B18),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(B19),n-butyl-?-D-fructofuranoside(B20).Eight compounds were separated from Enteromorpha prolifera:?-sitosterol(H1),?-tocopherol(H2),ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate(H3),2'-dexyuridine(H4),adenine(H5),palmitic acid(H6),balansenate ?(H7),trans-phytol(H8).Among them,B2,B5,B6,B8,B10,B15,B20,H3,H4,H6,H7,H8 were investigated from these two plants for the first time.The results of MTT assay showed that compound B15 showed strong inhibitory effect on MGC-803,SKOV3 and T24 cells,and its IC50 values were 20.02,25.65 and 10.20 ?M respectively.The inhibitory ability was stronger than that of positive control 5-Fu.Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining flow cytometry,Hoechst 33258 staining,AO/EB staining,mitochondrial transmembrane potential ??m detection,Western blot protein imprinting analysis and ROS determination showed that B15 can specifically induce apoptosis of T24 cells,increase ROS level in cells,cause a decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential,and identify the apoptotic pathway as mitochondrial pathway.In this paper,the antibacterial activities of some compounds were studied by micro-broth dilution method.The results showed that all the tested compounds had inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli,and the MIC(?g/mL)values ranged from 32 to 128.B12 and B16 had stronger inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus,and the MICs(?g/mL)were 16 and 32 respectively.B14,B16,B19,H2,H4 and H8 had strong inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis,and their MICs(?g/mL)were 32,32,32,32,16,32 respectively.B3,B9,B12,B16,H2 and H3 had strong inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and their MICs(?g/mL)were 32,32,32,16,16 and 32 respectively.The nutrients of Heleocharis dulcis(Burm.f.)Trin peel were also studied in this paper.We found that it is rich in crude fibers,a variety of mineral elements and a variety of amino acids.The studies on the chemical constituents of Heleocharis dulcis(Burm.f.)Trin peel and Enteromorpha prolifera have enriched the research scope of edible plants in the study of natural medicines,reduce resource waste and ecological environment pollution.The research results provide some theoretical guidance for further development and utilization of edible plants.