Study On Emulsification And Viscosity Reduction Of Heavy Oil By Alkali Agent And Other Surfactant Compound System

China has abundant heavy oil resources and large reserves of heavy oil.Heavy oils generally contain higher quality colloidal asphaltenes,paraffin waxes and heavy metals,which make heavy oils become viscous,non-flowable liquids or semi-solid materials,which cause difficulties in the extraction and transportation of heavy oil and limit heavy oil.Use.Therefore,reducing the viscosity of heavy oil and improving its fluidity are the key to solving the problems of heavy oil mining and transportation.In this paper,the emulsified viscosity reduction experiment of heavy oil in a block of Liaohe Oilfield was carried out to study the basic physical properties of the heavy oil,and to explore the physical conditions for achieving the best viscosity reduction effect.Explore the difference between nonionic surfactants and zwitterionic surfactants in emulsification and viscosity reduction of heavy oils.CoMPared with nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants,nonionic surfactants are more stable and more effective in emulsification of heavy oils,and are more conducive to the formation of stable O/W emulsions.Explore the principle that heavy oil forms an O/W emulsion under other chemical agents such as surfactants.Four inorganic bases?sodium carbonate?Na₂CO₃?,sodium hydroxide?NaOH?,ammonia?NH₃·H₂O?and ammonium carbonate??NH₄?₂CO₃??and three organic bases?sodium methoxide?CH₃ONa?,sodium ethoxide?were studied.The effect of?C₂H₅ONa?and sodium tert-butoxide?C₄H₉ONa?on the viscosity of heavy oil and the dynamic interfacial tension between heavy oil and alkali.CoMParing the emulsification performance of inorganic bases and organic bases on heavy oils,it was found that organic bases have advantages over inorganic bases in emulsification and viscosity reduction of heavy oils and enhanced heavy oil recovery.In this paper,organic alkali,nonionic surfactant and n-alcohol are compounded to emulsification and viscosity reduction of heavy oil,and the effect is remarkable.The viscosity reduction rate reaches 98.1%.The normal alcohol can prolong the stability of the emulsion;the organic base can react with the petroleum acid?fatty acid,naphthenic acid,etc.?in the heavy oil to form the interfacial active petroleum salt,reduce the interfacial tension between the oil and water,and enhance the stability of the emulsion.The surfactant can form an oil-water interface molecular film to promote the formation and stability of the O/W emulsion.