Research On The Legislation Of Prevention And Control Of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution In China

Since the reform of the rural economic system,remarkable achievements have been made in the development of rural production,but many of these achievements have been based on the sacrifice of resources and the environment,leading to increasingly serious pollution of the agricultural ecological environment.China is a big agricultural country and a big grain country in the world.Due to its large population,the per capita grain occupancy is not high,and food security is under pressure different from other countries.In order to increase food production and ensure national food security,fertilizers,pesticides,etc.are widely used.The scale of livestock and poultry farming is gradually expanding.The resulting agricultural non-point source pollution is becoming more and more serious,and its pollution emissions have far exceeded point source pollution.Agricultural non-point source pollution has increasingly become a major factor in the deterioration of water quality,posing a serious threat to the safety of drinking water and the quality of agricultural products in China,endangering people's health and sustainable agricultural development.Agricultural non-point source pollution is caused by the "negative externalities" produced by the development of agricultural production on the environment.If it is not contained,it will gradually deteriorate.In practice,agricultural non-point source pollution is mostly controlled by economic and technological means.However,the occurrence or expansion of agricultural non-point source pollution is still not effectively suppressed.The deepest reason is that legislation for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution has not been followed up at the same time.Taking into account the fact that China's agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control legislation is scattered and abstract,and the quality of the legislation is not high,which seriously hinders the smooth progress of practical work,perfecting agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control legislation is the fundamental way to ensure the effective prevention of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention Further guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products,promote the development of green agriculture,and realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.This study starts with the concept and mechanism of agricultural non-point source pollution,explains the main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution,including agricultural chemical pollution,livestock and poultry breeding waste pollution,and rural household garbage pollution.The current legislation on the prevention and control of source pollution,including laws,administrative regulations and departmental regulations,and local legislation,analyzes the legislation concepts and principles of China's agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control legislation is relatively backward,the legislative model is not clear,and there is no special agricultural non-point source Pollution prevention laws and relevant legislation are not perfect,and the supporting legal system is not perfect and the quality of legislation is not high.On the basis of drawing on the advanced experience of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control legislation in the EU,the United States,Japan and other regions,the idea of perfecting the agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control legislation in China is proposed.Take the concept of green development and circular economy as the legislative concept of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention;agricultural non-point source pollution prevention legislation should adhere to the principles of environmental risk prevention,ecological protection priority,collaborative governance and public participation;comprehensive legislation model should be selected;A unified "Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Prevention Law" should be formulated to clarify its necessity and feasibility,clarify its legislative purpose,adjustment targets and main content;improve relevant laws and regulations,strengthen local legislation and establish and complete supporting legal systems Improve agricultural non-point source pollution prevention laws;improve the quality of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention legislation from the perspective of operability of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention legislation,and clarify the legal responsibilities of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention legislation.