Study Of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether(PBDEs)accumulation In Broilers And Its Effect On Chicken Quality

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)is a kind of persistent organic pollutants,widely distributed in environment,animal,plant and human body,the animal experiments show that PBDEs have potential toxicity to human body,such as thyroid,liver and kidney,carcinogenesis and so on.Since chicken is one of the main edible meat in China,and PBDEs are widely existed in the feed of chicken and broiler chickens,it is pretty essential to study the toxicological effect of PBDEs and the accumulation and the transformation of PBDEs,which can provide some referable information for the food safety and risk monitoring and evaluation of broiler chickens and the toxicological study of PBDEs.Furthermore,it can determine the biological toxicity of PBDEs to broilers through the "environment-feed-food" migration chain and supply the theoretical basis and experimental data for the risk assessment and monitoring in food processing and safety of broiler chickens.In this study,white feather(AA)broilers were taken as the research object,and different doses of BDE-209(Decabromodiphenyl oxide)(0,0.02,0.4,20mg/kg,Only 20mg/kg group was added when studying the accumulation of PBDEs in muscle)were added to the diet to investigate the effects of different doses of BDE-209 on slaughter performance,meat quality,blood physicochemical indexes,intestinal development,muscle accumulation and metabolism of AA broilers.At the same time,a method for extraction,purification and detection of BDE-209 from chicken based on GC-ECD(Gas choice-elect Ion Capture Detector)was established.The results showed that:(1)compared with the control group,the addition of BDE-209 to the diet significantly increased the abdominal fat rate of broilers(P < 0.01),reaching a peak value at 0.4mg/kg,which was 175.68% higher than the control group(P < 0.01).(2)Compared with the control group,after the addition of BDE-209,the pH value decreased with the increase of the added dose,and there was an extremely significant difference between the control group and the group of 0.4mg/kg(P<0.01),and the drop loss increased by 11.21% at 0.4mg/kg(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the water content in muscle decreased after the addition of a certain dose of BDE-209(0.4mg/kg,P<0.01),and the content of protein in muscle increased with the dose up(P < 0.05).(4)Compared with the control group,the number of platelets,leukocytes and neutrophils decreased with the increase of BDE-209 dose,and the width of platelet distribution became larger with the BDE-209 dose up.Low and Medium dose of BDE-209 increased the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin(P<0.01),and the spleen in the BDE-209 treatment group was accompanied by swelling and other symptoms of spleen hyperfunction.Blood biochemical indicators show that adding high doses of BDE-209 significantly increased glutamine transaminase activity(Y-GT),UREA(UREA),uric acid(UA)levels,and lead to the decrease of serum alkaline phosphatase activity(ALP).In addition,the addition of BDE-209 reduced the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the serum was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the BDE-209 would affect the antioxidant capacity of muscle at a certain dose(the activity of T-SOD in muscle was 16.04% lower than that in the control group when the BDE-209 was 4mg/kg,)(P < 0.5).(5)Compared with the control group,the addition of BDE-209 significantly increased the jejunal crypt depth(4mg/kg group,P<0.01),and decreased the ratio of jejunal villi height to crypt depth.The accumulation rule of BDE-209 in chicken meat showed that:(1)After ingestion of BDE-209,the content of BDE-209 in muscle continued to increase,and tended to be gentle after the dose reached 4mg/kg.What's more,the BDE-209 showed a debromination degradation pathway in broilers,forming metabolites such as hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether.To sum up,the addition of BDE-209 affected the slaughter performance of AA chickens,increasing the abdominal fat rate;changed chicken quality,increased the burden on tissues and organs,and accompanied by oxidative stress toxicity.In addition,BDE-209 could reduce the ratio of jejunum villi height to recess depth,degrade into hexabromodiphenyl ether and hepabromodiphenyl ether with higher toxicity through debromination metabolism in vivo,and reduce the food safety of chicken products.