Study On Pedestrian Evacuation In The Stairwell Under Emergency

With the improving of the modern science and technology,the development of urbanization in China is particularly remarkable.The scale of the city’s construction is constantly expanding,and the structure and function of the building are diversified.However,this bring us not only the convenience in life,but also to the people at the same time,but also great hidden danger to public safety.We all know,once the emergencies like fires,earthquakes,explosions or a terrorist attacks,the accidents can develop rapidly,and the evacuation is difficult.If evacuation strategy is not reasonable,it is very easy to cause a lot of additional loss of life and property.The stairwell is the main evacuation facility when the emergency happens,and it undertakes the mission of the large population emergency evacuation.Therefore,it is of great significance for the researchers to do the research on the safety evacuation and the strategy of building stairs.This is also the goal and significance of the researchers working hard,which we will the incident to minimize casualties and property losses.This article is mainly aimed at the personnel evacuation to the stairs in the case of emergency.Based on the real experiment of stairs,the experimental data are analyzed,and then the social force model is used to simulate the experiment,which includes the normal circumstance,the escaped situation and the situation without visibility.The main works in this paper includes the following aspects:(1)To study pedestrian behavior characteristics of stairs as a starting point,the paper summarizes the domestic research status for the crowd evacuation and expounds the research results of experts and scholars at home and abroad,so as to provide a theoretical basis and guiding ideology for the content and methods of this study.(2)The paper expounds and analysis the concepts include the emergency,the facilities and structures of the stairs,typical stair pedestrian behavior,and in sudden situation individual reaction features and the influence factors of pedestrians.It can provide the theoretical support for the analysis of the pedestrian characteristics of this experiment research.(3)This is a technical support to the experiment study for the experimental data collection and the data analysis method in the evacuation.The article elaborates the video processing technology and the data analysis method of domestic and foreign scholars,and then it inquiries the experimental formulation,th e experimental shooting angle,video image processing,the extraction of the video trajectory and the calculation methods of parameters.Therefore,it can ensure the effectiveness of its research and analysis.(4)The evacuation experiment of the stair area is divided into 23 people in the normal and escaped evacuation,10 to 40 people escaped evacuation and 10 to 40 people evacuation without visibility for walking up and down stairs.The experiment mainly analyzes the relationship between the distribution of the number of personnel evacuation and evacuation time,the velocity distribution and the average velocity of each stairs area,the density and the flow distribution in the evacuation process.After that the paper illustrates the pedestrian behavior characteristics,such as queuing behavior,small group behavior,and the movement behavior depending on the walls and banisters in the evacuation without visibility.Therefore,the details and instructions of the experiment can better in-depth study of the personnel evacuation behavior characteristics.(5)Through optimize parameters,the social force model is used to simulate the escaped and invisible situation for the stairwell up and down.It can be found that the model can better response the stairs real evacuation experiment,verify the validity of the model,and provide theoretical guidance for the evacuation in the future.