Research On Dynamic Parameter Test And Basic Behavior Simulation Of Personnel Evacuation

The movement of pedestrians in crowded places will be affected by other pedestrians and obstacles.When there occurs an emergency in the place and people need to be evacuated,the complex interaction between pedestrians and obstacles can easily lead to secondary injury accidents such as trampling.Therefore,the problem of safe evacuation in crowded places has gradually attracted the attention of management departments.However,the cost and risk of conducting field evacuation experiments is relatively high,so computers are usually applied to simulate the evacuation process of personnel.The accuracy of the personnel evacuation dynamics parameters in the model directly determines the feasibility of the simulation results.Therefore,this paper systematically and accurately measures the personnel evacuation dynamics parameters through experiments,which provides data support for the establishment of evacuation simulation software.Firstly,the dynamic parameters of personnel evacuation are tested by using UWB positioning system in this paper.Through the experiment of personnel only subjected to the expectation force,it is concluded that the average expected speed of20 experimenters is 1.46 m/s,and the average acceleration during acceleration is 1.02m/s~2.Through the experiment of people moving towards each other,the results show that the average avoidance distance is 1.7 m,the average turning angle is 13.2°and the average acceleration during deceleration is-0.56 m/s~2.Through the experiment of people’s overtaking movement in the same direction,it is found that the maximum offset distance of the trajectory of the personnel behind is the shoulder width of the personnel.Through the interaction experiment between people and wall,it is concluded that the critical distance of the wall acting on people is 0.35 m when people move parallel to the wall,and 1.2 m when people move perpendicular to the wall,and the force will increase exponentially with the decrease of the distance between them.Then,a set of personnel evacuation agent models is established on the basis of social forces,and the personnel evacuation dynamics parameters are imported into the model.The agent is represented by a tangent double circle with a diameter of 20cm.By setting a transition exit at the turning position,the trajectory and force of the agent at the turning position are more consistent with the actual movement process of the personnel.A more practical method to calculate the optimal path of the agent is proposed.Finally,the personnel evacuation agent model is used to simulate the basic behaviors of personnel such as avoiding,following,surpassing,and avoiding obstacles.The results show that the motion trajectory and speed change of the agent are basically consistent with the experimental results.The model and Pathfinder software are adopted to simulate the evacuation situation of a museum during peak hours,and the evacuation results of the two models are compared to verify the feasibility of the personnel evacuation agent model in the actual scene.