New Rural Life Circle Planning And Its Public Service Facility Allocation

Since the reform and opening up,China’s social economy has developed rapidly,but at the same time,the development of rural areas has been relatively slow.The construction of its public service facilities also lags behind that of cities.At present,problems such as backwardness of the rural economy,weak infrastructure,slow growth of farmers,and deterioration of the environment have become more prominent.Therefore,it is more urgent to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,improve public service facilities,and improve the rural environment.In this context,the Nineteenth National Congress proposed the strategy of revitalizing the countryside,insisted on the priority development of agriculture and rural areas,and accelerated the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.China’s rural areas are in a period of transformation.The mode of production of rural small-scale peasants economy has shifted to a mode of scale and industrialization.The traditional distribution pattern of residential areas,led by the radius of cultivation,has shifted to a layout dominated by rural life circles.At present,China has not yet promulgated the public service allocation standards that cover rural areas.Generally,it adopts a “tiered supportingthousand-person target” configuration model.This traditional configuration ignores the objective needs of rural residents and leads to the dislocation of the facility configuration from the real needs.It is impossible to effectively guide the configuration of various facilities and it is difficult to guide practice.Therefore,according to the behavior of rural residents and service requirements,it is of great significance to construct a system of village life in accordance with the characteristics of rural areas,and to scientifically and reasonably guide the functional division of rural areas and optimize the allocation of various service facilities.This paper starts with the requirements of China’s rural revitalization strategy and the new type of man-land relationship and public service demand in the context of industrial transformation.It uses spatial analysis techniques to construct a new rural life cycle system and establishes county public service facilities based on rural life cycles.The methodological system,and finally an empirical study with Feicheng City as an example.Its main content is as follows:First,different from the method of determining the space radius of urban and rural living circles that residents are willing to pay for public service facilities,this paper uses the planning rules of “neighborhood units” and “residential unit development model” to set the minimum size of primary schools as the population.The basis of the lower limit of the scale is based on the maximum service radius of the primary school’s life circle and the maximum distance for the pupils to go to school as the upper limit of the control space radius.The population size of the new rural life circle is 4,000 to 5,000,with a space radius of 1.5-3 km.Secondly,it discusses the spatial organization of the rural life circle.On the individual level,the GIS software platform is used to construct the rural life circle system using spatial technology analysis and demand gravitation analysis.The overall level is the rural life circle within the county area under different terrain constraints.The form of spatial organization is divided into two types,centralized and decentralized,based on the size and concentration of rural residential areas.Thirdly,we selected three types of service facilities,namely,basic education,medical and health care,and social pension,with the government as the mainstay of supply,and discussed their allocation criteria and spatial layout requirements based on the rural life circle.Fourth,the rationality of the scale of the rural life circle was tested in light of the actual rural conditions in Feicheng City,and the GIS Tyson polygon method and regional distribution method were used to build the rural life system in Feicheng City.Finally,basic education and medical and health care in Feicheng City were discussed.The three-category facilities for social pensions will lead the deployment of standards and spatial layout.In general,this paper uses GIS spatial analysis technology to construct a new rural life cycle system,explores rural service demand patterns in time and spatial accessibility,and further refines the rural life cycle theory in county rural public service facilities.The application,in turn,linking technology and practical operations,provides a reference for planning in rural areas.