Research On Static Characteristic Of Air Spring Under Low Temperature

With the rapid development of national economy and science and technology,high-speed train has become an indispensable part of passenger transport system.As a key component in the suspension of track vehicle,air spring has an important influence on the safety and comfort of vehicle.And,with the implementation of Belt and Road Initiative strategy,Chinese high-speed rail out of the country,will face more challenges,such as in the alpine region,the bad environment has a serious impact on the performance of the air spring.Therefore,it is necessary to study the mechanical properties of air Springs under low temperature conditions to ensure the safety and comfort of high speed vehicles.n this paper,the static characteristics of air spring at low temperature are analyzed by finite element method.The main contents are as follows:(1)This paper first introduces the development and research status of air spring,expounds the basic knowledge of the classification and working principle of the air spring.(2)This paper discusses some nonlinear problems in the calculation,including material nonlinearity,geometric nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity,and the solutions of these problems in ABAQUS.(3)The finite element model of air spring is established by ABAQUS software.The vertical stiffness and lateral static stiffness of the air spring rubber material and the cord material are calculated by changing the parameters of the air spring rubber material and the cord material.It is found that the vertical stiffness of the air spring increases with the decrease of the temperature,and the increase is slow between the 25℃ and the-20 ℃.And between-20 ℃ to-40 ℃,the vertical stiffness of the air spring will increase sharply compared to the vertical stiffness.(4)The effect of rubber material and cord material on the static characteristics of air spring at low temperature is studied respectively.The reasons for the influence of the material parameters on the static characteristics are analyzed,and the change of the material parameters is found to be certain.The effective area of the air spring is affected to a certain extent.Due to the effect of the effective area and the internal pressure of the air bag,when the rubber material is changed only,the vertical stiffness of the air spring decreases with the decrease of the temperature.(5)The factors such as the angle of the cord,the volume of the additional air chamber and the emergency rubber heap are summarized,and the air bomb under the low temperature condition is summarized.The effect of the reed mechanical properties shows that the volume of the additional gas chamber increases and the vertical stiffness of the air spring increases at low temperature,and the increase in the volume of the air spring will reduce the sensitivity of the vertical stiffness of the air spring to the temperature change,and increase the stability of its vertical static characteristics;with the increase of the angle of the cord,the air is increased.The transverse stiffness of the spring increases first and then decreases.When the cord angle is 16 degrees,the maximum is at 64 degrees.Through the above analysis,this paper summarizes the change law of the static characteristics of the air spring at low temperature,and provides some valuable reference for improving the performance of air spring under low temperature.