The Research Of Stone Heritage Building In Frigid Region

Stone heritage buildings are widely distributed in our country's cold regions,but their preservation situation is not optimistic with serious frost injury,especially in the harsh weather conditions.This issue is lack of research currently.On the basis of field investigation and a great deal of literature,this paper took stone buildings in cold region as objects and adopt data analysis method to study the form,pattern and formation mechanism systematically.The properties of climate,soil environment and building components of the cold region were described through literature review.Field investigation method was also adopt to number,register and record 19 cities and 307 building samples in cold region.Then the investigated heritage buildings were classified reasonably,their frozen damage information were recorded and images were collected respectively.The classification method,basic material of research pattern and mechanism of common stone buildings in research area were inferred.148 building samples which features by no cover and little reconstruction and expansion have been selected to further study froze injury law.Then the stone buildings were categorized into stone walls,stone footings and stone components through data analysis.The form and distribution pattern of five froze injury as crack onwalls,crackon stone components,exfoliation of mortar joints,exfoliation of stone surfaces and discoloration of spots were studied respectively.Based on the research results of the above environment,properties and laws,the tracking and mapping of the building samples are integrated to infer that the essence of frost damages is the freezing and thawing cycle of water in building materials.And the process was dismantled so as to discusses how the water frost bulge causes the cracks of the wall,the cracks of the ashes and cracks of the stone members;The effect of soluble salt migration on the deterioration of stone skin;The process of creating cracks in seasonal permafrost.The paper describes the relationship between the type of architecture and the difference of location and the performance of the frostbite,and analyzes the formation mechanism of various kinds of frozen structures in stone construction.All in all,the paper collates the environment and material properties of stone buildings in cold regions.The phenomenon and the nature of the construction freeze are clarified and frozen injury laws of the stone buildings system are obtained in order to conclude formation mechanism of frozen damages.This paper provides the necessary theoretical basis and detailed status information for the restoration,prevention and reconstruction of stone heritage buildings,and hopes that this project will help improve the poor protection and restoration work in the northern minority cities.