Study On The Bottleneck Congestion Pricing On The Morning Peak Considering Self-driving Carpooling

With the perfect combination of Internet+ and mobile terminals,vehicluar networking has been widely used in the automotive industry,which not only makes intelligent transportation a reality,but also makes self-driving possible.Self-driving cars liberate us from driving,providing twenty-four hours’ uninterrupted service.Therefore,the easier and faster driving experience in the era of self-driving will also bring more demand for travel by car.In order to prevent possible congestion in the future self-driving environment,we start from the perspective of self-driving carpooling,and analyze the proper carpooling price by considering public economics and traffic behavior.Then,we establish the morning peak bottleneck model with carpooling mode,and eager to formulate price to ease or even eliminate congestion on the road.Firstly,in paper,we introduce the current status of the development of self-driving technologies at home and abroad.We redefine self-driving carpooling,and analyze its similarities and differences with the traditional ride-sharing and online car-hailing.The feasibility of self-driving carpooling is explored from two aspects of society and technology.Based on the industry report data and the current landing platform – Di Da app,the user’s travel behavior is analyzed to further explore the impact of carpooling in a self-driving environment.Subsequently,on the basis of abstracting the morning peak travel in future self-driving environment into the bottleneck model,the factors of the carpooling are introduced,and the parameters of model in the carpooling mode are designed,including the construction and combination of the sharing ratio model in the travel process,changes and then,redefinition of travel cost in carpooling mode.Besides,according to the rational assumption that there is one person in one car in the non-carpooling mode,and at least two people if you choose to carpool,we establish self-driving bottleneck model considering carpooling.Finally,aiming at the two established travel models: the non-carpooling on morning peak bottleneck model and the carpooling on morning peak bottleneck model,the total social cost and the congestion charging rate before and after the implementation are respectively obtained;The differences in travel distribution and travel effectiveness will optimize the morning peak travel system,so that we could maximize the use of road resources.The research results and pricing strategies are applied to specific numerical examples.The two parameters,payment percentage and comfort,are extracted for sensitivity analysis to further explore the distribution of the proportion of carpooling in the self-driving environment;The comparison of social costs under the four combinations before and after the implementation of congestion charging by the two schemes further validates the benefits brought by carpooling travel and provides a certain theoretical basis for the traffic managers in promoting the implementation of the self-driving carpooling and making congestion charging decisions.Therefore,from the microscopic level,in paper we propose the promotion of carpooling measures,the model of carpooling travel expenses,and the morning peak bottleneck model considering carpooling,which will provide new views and solutions for the problem of traffic congestion in the future self-driving environment.From a macro perspective,forward-looking discussion and analysis provide a theoretical basis and support for the popularization and application of self-driving carpooling.It also provides decision-making management tools for future urban traffic managers.