Research On Space-based Observation Strategy Based On The Orbital Evolution Characteristics Of Space Objects

It has been demonstrated by long process of practice and experiments that the way of space-based visible(SBV)observation for beyond-LEO objects by utilizing LEO satellites is very efficient to improve the capabilities of space situation awareness,so that SBV observation will be continued development.In this paper,SBV strategies are studied for the aim of improving observation efficiency and extending observation field.Firstly,the development of SBV is summarized.Secondly,the evolution characteristics of GEO,GTO,MEO,and Molniya objects are analyzed.Then,SBV observation strategies based on the characteristics of those objets are studied.Main results of this study are as follows:Analysis of the evolution characteristics of GEO,GTO,MEO,and Molniya objects.According to the evolution principles of GEO objects,the mathematical formula of GEO belt is deduced an the evolution trendency of Pinch Point(PP)regions is analyzed.It concludes that PP regions are spreading and disappearing.In order to observe MEO objects(mainly global navigation satellites)efficiently,joint regions formed by the track superposition of two adjacent orbits in a constellation are proposed.Meanwhile,distribution characteristics of GTO and Molniya objects are summarized as well.Proposing a novel space-based observation strategy for GEO objects based on daily pointing adjustment of multi-sensors.Firstly,Influences of earth-oriented and inertia-directional satellites to their own observation regions are analyzed and compared with each other.Based on the characteristics of GEO belt,the strategy of daily pointing adjustment of the sensor by using an inertia-directional satellite is proposed,which obviously improves the observation efficiency.In order to observe almost all the GEO objects in a short time,the strategy of a satellite with multi-sensors is proposed.The installation parameters between different sensors are optimized to obtain a better observation results.Proposing the space-based pseudo-fixed latitude observation mode based on the characteristics of GEO belt.In order to improve the utilization of the sensor,pseudo-fixed latitude observation mode,which is more simple and reliable in engineering compared with the gazing observation mode,is proposed to observe GEO objects.Pseudo-fixed latitude observation mode makes use of the one-dimensional pointing adjustment of the observation sensor.It includes two types of pointing adjustment,i.e.daily and continuous pointing adjustment,so that the scanning region is about a rectangle.The simulation shows that this strategy is efficient and feasible to observe GEO objects.Proposing a space-based visible observation strategy for beyond-LEO objects based on an equatorial LEO satellite with multi-sensors.In order to achieve more data and offset the influence of the earth shadow and constraint of sun-target-observer angle,two sensors which point inside of the equatorial plane are used to observe GEO and GTO objects.To observe MEO and Molniay objects based on joint regions,the installation angle of the third camera is optimized to obtain a relative high coverage rate.The simulation shows that it is efficient and feasible that utilizing an equatorial LEO satellite with three sensors to observe beyond-LEO objects simultaneously.