Dynamic Path Analysis Of Emergency Evacuation In Metro Station Fire Based On Ant Colony Algorithm

In recent years,many large cities in China have begun to build metros to ease the situation of urban traffic congestion.At the same time,the safety of metro operations has become increasingly prominent.As the metro stations are usually built in the underground,the space is limited and relatively closed so that the hot smoke is difficult to disperse once the fire occurs.It will cause serious casualties if the personnel in stations cannot be evacuated to a safe area in time.In order to improve the evacuation efficiency of personnel and ensure the safety of evacuation,this paper proposes an optimized analysis method for emergency evacuation routes based on the ant colony algorithm for fire accidents at metro stations.This method analyzes and determines the location of fire hazard points obtains the corresponding optimal evacuation route and formulates a general plan for personnel evacuation,which has certain guiding significance for the design and improvement of emergency evacuation system in metro stations.Firstly,this paper studies the combustion mechanism,development process,smoke characteristics and behavior characteristics of emergency evacuation of metro station fires,and provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of fire emergency evacuation dynamic path of subway stations.Secondly,this paper selects the Dalian Metro Xi'an Road Station as the research object for field research to obtain relevant data.PyroSim was used to establish the simulation model for the Dalian Metro Xi'an Road Station.Three fire hazard points were selected for fire accident simulation to determine the law of smoke flow in the station under different fire scenes.Then,Matlab is used to build emergency evacuation simulation platform for Xi'an Road station,based on ant colony algorithm and computer programming.The optimal evacuation route corresponding to three fire hazard points is obtained,and the evacuation path is dynamically adjusted according to the law of smoke flow under different fire scenes.Finally,the general plan for the evacuation of fire accidents at Xi'an Road Station was established,the early warning system of the super large passenger flow is set up,key areas for personnel channelizing were identified.Moreover,it provides the decision support for the design of subway station,the daily management and the emergency plan of the fire accident.It also provides the theoretical basis for measures that improve evacuation efficiency and ensure evacuation safety in metro station fire accidents.