Research On Strategies Of Urban Renewal Driven By Gentrification In Britain And Its Experience For Reference

With the rapid growth of middle class and the continuous development of urban renewal in China,the gentrification phenomenon appeared in urban renewal and reconstruction has attracted great attention of the society.Gentrification is like a double-edged sword.On the one hand,it injects new vitality and creativity into urban development,promoting the rapid growth of urban economy,improving urban space landscape,and enabling urbanization to reach a higher level.On the other hand,gentrification has resulted in the replacement of social classes,forcing low-income inhabitants and vulnerable groups to relocate,losing their right to equal use of urban high-quality space resources,which is not conducive to the development of social equity.The replacement of large numbers of people has also caused a certain impact on the inheritance of local culture.Domestic scholars have observed this phenomenon at an early time and conducted a lot of researches on it.At present,most of the existing researches focus on the discussion of the characteristics,mechanism and effects of gentrification,but little attention has been paid to how to effectively control the development of it.In order to maximize the positive effects of gentrification in urban renewal and effectively avoid the negative effects,such as hierarchical succession,cultural faults and social differentiation that have already occurred in western developed countries,this study sorts out the evolution of British urban renewal strategies.Next,taking example of London's^Canary Wharf as the entry point,this paper analyzes the process of its renaissance and puts forward a series of renewal strategies driven by gentrification,aiming to draw lessons from this process and provide references for the rational development of gentrification and urban renewal in China.First of all,this paper makes a theoretical review of the research on gentrification and urban renewal at home and abroad,including its concept definition,development process and mechanism,relevant policies and strategies,then summarizing the interaction between gentrification and urban renewal.It is found that urban renewal,which is an important carrier of gentrification,is often accompanied by the emergence of gentrification.Gentrification,as a measure to maintain the vitality and creativity of urban sustainable development,is gradually becoming a strategy and trend in urban renewal.The research on the development process at home and abroad shows the lag of China's development compared with the developed countries in the West.Therefore,it is necessary to draw lessons from the development experience that has been tested in the West.Secondly,the paper analyzes the urban renewal policies of Britain and chooses a specific case driven by gentrification to learn.By sorting out the development process of urban renewal policy in the UK,this paper summarizes the evolution of values in this process--from welfareism to the combination of market and social interests,as well as the gentrification and renewal from incentive guidance to control adjustment.After an understanding of the overall development environment,the paper focuses on the typical case of London 's Canary Wharf,deeply analyzes its renewal process and the mechanism in each stage,then summarizes the implementation strategies from the perspectives of industrial&economy,social&culture,material&environment,governance&control,etc.It is found that the urban renewal strategies driven by gentrification can be divided into two stages:in the early stage of renewal,in order to obtain construction funds and stimulate the social vitality of the decaying areas,the strategy of "promoting" gentrification is often adopted to attract private investment and the middle class.In the later stage,the negative effects brought by gentrification are gradually revealed,in this period,"controlling" gentrification strategies are often implemented to effectively control the development and ensure social equity.The essence of this process is the game of interests between the government,the market,middle-class newcomers,local communities and residents.Finally,combined with the status quo of China's gentrification and urban renewal development,the paper puts forward some development strategies for reference.By analyzing the universality,positive significance and current problems of urban renewal driven by gentrification in China,the necessity and great significance of formulating correct development strategies are reflected.Then it compares the differences and similarities of the development between China and Britain,identifying the direction that can be used for reference and the lessons to be warned.Based on the two premises,the paper puts forward that renewal strategies driven by gentrification in China should shift from"efficiency standard" to "fair justice",and from "elite-led" to "multi-participation".At last,furthering propose to establish public-private partnerships,attract middle class and capitalization,emphasis on the role of local government and community participation,balance the interests of the middle class and indigenous people,etc.The last part summarizes the main conclusions of this study,as well as the innovation points and deficiencies,then puts forward the prospect of future research based on the deficiencies,that is,paying attention to the construction of gentrification renewal theory,reinforcing the research of regulatory policies and attaching importance to the demand-side factors in gentrification.