Profit Allocation Strategy For Cooperative Distributed Energy Resources Based On Bargaining Game

With the increasing depletion of traditional energy and the continuous development of smart grid technology,distributed energy resources(DERs)mainly composed of renewable energy sources more and more access to power system operation in the form of virtual power plant(VPP).However,DERs participating in VPP often belong to different interest entities,and the characteristics of their cooperative game and fair and reasonable allocation of cooperation profit are very important theoretical and practical problems.In this paper,the VPP with multiple investors is taken as the research object.Under the two-settlement energy market,the two-stage stochastic optimization bidding model considering risk is taken as the characteristic function of the DERs' cooperative game.Based on the operational characteristics of DERs,the cause of its cooperative surplus is deeply analyzed,and it is proved that the cooperative game satisfies superadditivity from aspects of physical meaning and mathematical deduction.Aiming at the problem of profit allocation,based on the theory of bargaining game,utility function is used to reflect the degree of risk aversion.Considering the marginal contribution,the forecasting accuracy of intermittent power generation and the punishment strength of balancing market,the bargaining power of each DER is quantified.Then,a novel profit allocation model of DERs' joint participation in the short-term energy market is built.The superadditivity of DERs' cooperative game and the feasibility and rationality of the proposed model are verified by analyzing the practical example of VPP.The superadditivity of DERs' cooperative games lays a theoretical foundation for the cooperation and promotion of DERs.The proposed profit allocation strategy can effectively evaluate the characteristics of different DERs as well as guarantee the relative fairness of the allocation and the stability of the coalition.It can also form a positive incentive and guide for DERs' behaviors and improve economic interests.