Design Of Long-range Wireless Sensor Network Node And Application In On-Line Monitoring Of Low-Voltage Residual Current In Rural Power Network

In the rural areas of China,electric shocks and fire accidents caused by residual current faults are startling.With the residual current on-line monitoring system in rural low-voltage power grids,residual currents and terminal voltages in the power supply station area can be monitored in real time so that faults can be discovered in time and accidents can be avoided.However,the current wireless sensor network is difficult to meet the needs of long-distance nodes in the rural network low-voltage residual current monitoring system,complex and varied obstacles between nodes,nodes using battery-powered and battery replacement is not easy and low power consumption.This paper designs a long-distance,low-power wireless sensor network node,and applies the node to the rural network low-voltage residual current online monitoring system,which can greatly reduce the number of routing nodes in the system,and effectively improve the stability of data transmission.Extend the network's lifespan.At the same time,this article designed a background monitoring server for the rural network lowvoltage residual current online monitoring system.Users can access the server through the browser to know the residual current and the terminal voltage of the power supply area in real time and perform troubleshooting and maintenance in time.First of all,this paper introduces the research background and significance of the topic,and describes the research status of residual current online monitoring technology and wireless sensor network at home and abroad.Design RF and power modules for long-distance,lowpower wireless sensor network nodes.Then introduced the ZigBee protocol stack standard,according to the needs of the rural network low-voltage residual current online monitoring system,analysis and implementation of the ZStack protocol stack.Analyze and improve the traditional routing algorithms: Cluster-Tree and AODVjr,design an improved energy-saving routing algorithm IMixed by combining the improved Cluster-Tree and AODVjr routing algorithms,and compare the Cluster-Tree,AODVjr,and IMixed algorithms through NS2 software simulation.Node energy management,packet delivery rate,average end-to-end transmission delay and control overhead performance indicators.In addition,the background monitoring server of the low-voltage residual current online monitoring system of the rural network was designed.The server can provide real-time data query,historical data query,voltage monitoring and parameter configuration.The server mainly includes: Socket-based communication software,PHP script based on IPC(signal,message queue,shared memory)communication,front-end Web interface design,and back-end database design.Finally,test the function of the system.The test is divided into two parts: The first is to test the single-node transmission distance and routing node function of the designed long-distance,low-power wireless sensor network node,and to make the nodes form Mesh network through the improved ZStack protocol stack,and the node networking process.It tests the packet delivery rate after networking,and applies the designed node and background server to the rural network low-voltage residual current online monitoring system and runs in the pilot station area,and queries background server history fault data,real-time data query,and realtime voltage monitoring.The parameter configuration function is tested.The test results show that the node designed in this paper can effectively increase the data transmission distance under the condition of guaranteeing data transmission delay and delivery rate;the background server can provide preset functions to monitor the residual current and terminal voltage of the power supply station area in real time.