Research On Design Of Metro Entrance And Exit In Cold Area

In recent years,with the rapid development of economy,people generally take subway as the most important travel tool,and the construction projects of Metro in front-line cities are flourishing.However,designers pay less attention to the entrance and exit of Metro in cities,and lack of design for climate causes inconvenience to residents’travel to a certain extent,especially in cold areas.In view of the exposed practical problems,this paper studies the entrance and exit of urban subway in cold areas.The author collecting and organizing the information related to this topic the status quo at home and abroad and has carried on the thorough analysis,to cold regions such as Beijing,Tianjin,Qingdao has built subway entrances of the on-the-spot investigation,on the part of the gateway were observed and measured,geared to the needs of different groups,from the subway entrances to adapt to the situation of climate and use comfortable,etc,has carried on the questionnaire survey and interviews,summed up the passenger behavior rules and requirements,through the graphic language of case through the contrast analysis of the subway entrances in the cold area from different angles of design methods for research,the research content includes the following aspects:Firstly,this paper analyzes the components,functional characteristics and influencing factors of subway entrances in cold areas,and draws the corresponding conclusions.Meanwhile,by referring to the current situation of subway entrances in cold areas,the design principles of comfort,high efficiency and economy are summarized and proposed.Secondly,the paper analyzes the external morphology of subway entrances in cold regions,and summarizes the orientation range of subway entrances suitable for cold climate in view of the influence of orientation change on the wind environment of subway entrances.According to the evolution of three kinds of plane shapes,the paper puts forward that turning space can improve the environmental stability of subway entrances.Finally,based on the detailed analysis of each interface,the effective design optimization scheme for adapting to the cold climate was put forward,and the design strategy for the external form of subway entrances was formed.Finally,from the interior design of subway entrances,in order to improve the cold areas of subway entrances with comfort and efficiency for the purpose of the subway entrances in the cold region of channel length,number of twist and the depth of the station hall,numerical simulation,it is concluded that the subway entrances of the internal environment more stable and comfortable design strategy.Through the research on the design theory of subway entrances in cold areas,and the interdisciplinary data processing and analysis,the author explored the influencing factors of subway entrances design in cold areas,and tried to put forward the design concept and mode adapted to climate to enrich the design theory of transportation buildings in cold areas.