The Influence Of Rural Roads On The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Areas In Western China

As the promotion of the non-balanced development strategy between urban and rural areas and the region in China during the establishment of new China and 2000,China's urban and rural and regional transportation infrastructure construction presents unbalanced growth pattern for a long time.In the vast rural areas,especially the west rural areas clearly show the lack of transport infrastructure investment and backward infrastructure level,this has largely restricted the equal exchange of elements between urban and rural areas and the balanced allocation of public resources,which has aggravated the income gap between urban and rural areas.In view of this,this paper analyzes the impact of rural roads on the income gap between urban and rural areas using theoretical and empirical methods from the perspective of western rural transportation infrastructure,hoping to find a breakthrough point for increasing farmer income and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.First of all,this paper systematically sorts out the researches and related theories on transportation infrastructure and economic growth,income inequality,and builds the triangular relationship of "transportation infrastructure—economic growth—income inequality".Secondly,this paper analyzes the current situation and changing trend of the road and income gap in the rural areas in western provinces,combined with the panel self-regression model,finding that the rural road is the Granger cause of the income gap between urban and rural areas and the improvement of rural roads has a positive effect on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.Thirdly,based on triangular linkage theory framework of "transportation infrastructure—economic growth?income inequality",this paper constructs the differential dynamics model of the traffic infrastructure affects the income gap between urban and rural areas with the influence of transportation infrastructure on economic growth as the transmission mechanism from the microscopic perspective of the flow of labor and capital,and explores the transmission path of rural transportation infrastructure to change the regional income gap by affecting rural economic growth combined with simulation experiments.Finally,this paper constructs double logarithmic model and Hansen threshold regression model of the impact of rural roads in western on the income disparity between urban rural using 121 samples from 11 provinces in western China in 2006-2016,and tests the impact of rural transport infrastructure and its threshold effect for the income gap between urban and rural areas.By constructing the differential dynamics model of the transportation infrastructure affecting the urban-rural income gap,this paper theoretically describes the dynamic change process of the transportation infrastructure income effect and the transmission path of the transportation infrastructure to change the income gap between urban and rural areas through the influence of farmers' income.Combined with the Hansen threshold regression,this paper finds that there are two thresholds for the impact of rural rural transportation infrastructure on urban-rural income distribution.The study concludes that the relationships between the growth rate of rural transport infrastructure and agricultural labor capital and agricultural labor wages are all inverse U-shaped.What is more,a moderate distance and a certain number of employed population are the preconditions for the income effect of transport infrastructure,of which the size and direction vary with the geographical location of each province.Additionally,achieving a certain road network density is an important factor in improving the strength of which it can increase farmers' incomes and narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.At present,the impact of the overall rural transportation infrastructure on the urban-rural income gap has not yet reached the stagnant approaching value.For areas with poor rural transportation infrastructure,it is necessary to make appropriate traffic poverty alleviation measures for increasing farmers' income in the western region with the characteristics of land resources in each region and the source of funds for transportation infrastructure construction,and adopt measures such as promoting equalization of labor factor prices and equalization of public services to maintain a moderate agricultural employment population,thus improving the income effect of rural transportation infrastructure and making full use of the influence of transportation on the income disparity between urban rural.For the particularly remote areas with poor income effects of transportation infrastructure,measures can be used to increase the income effect of farmers,such as transfer payments and overall relocation,thereby reducing farmers' poverty and alleviating urban-rural income differences.At the same time,we should pay attention to the coordination of rural transportation infrastructure level and rural education level,the educational return rate of agricultural employees and the advancement of agricultural technology and make concerted efforts to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.