Research On Full Spectrum Response Perovskite Solar Cell Based On Transparent Electrode

In the last decade,a new type of solar cell based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials has shown great and majestic vitality.For the first time,perovskite batteries have appeared in front of global energy researchers with 3.8%of PCE,and PCE has reached 23.7%up to now.The speed of development is not achievable with other types of batteries.Perovskite solar cells are considered to be the most promising replacement for silicon-based solar cells in the future,becoming the core of the solar energy market.As is well known,the spectral distribution of sunlight consists of photons with wide wavelengths ranging from UV to IR?280nm-2500nm?.Current perovskite photoactive materials are sensitive to the visible light?400nm-800nm?,which only occupy 45-50%in whole solar spectrum.Obviously,the major problem limiting the PCE of PSCs is their insensitivity to the UV and NIR regions in solar spectrum,meaning the significant energy waste and potential space for PCE lifting.Based on this problem,this paper mainly studies the expansion of the absorption spectrum of perovskite:Design a new device structure to achieve a full spectrum response from ultraviolet to infrared light.?1?A transparent electrode with a dielectric-metal-dielectric structure was chosen to replace the conventional metal electrode in the device.Specifically selected as a NiO/Ag/NiO transparent electrode.The thickness of the transparent electrode was studied and explored to obtain the best film thickness of 10nm/15nm/30nm.The transparent electrode of this thickness has an average transmittance of 90%in the spectrum of 380nm to 780nm and a sheet resistance as low as 4.2?sq^-1.Based on the thickness of the transparent electrode,the perovskite solar cell is fabricated.When the incident light enters from the FTO side,the PCE can reach 16.0%.When the light is incidented from the transparent electrode side,the PCE reaches 12.1%,and the double-sided photoelectric response is realized.Furthermore,the optimized transparent electrode usually has impact on transmittance of NIR light for PSCs devices.?2?We prepared three types of up-conversion layers on the backlight surface by using the PLD technique to realize infrared light-expanded perovskite solar cells,they are NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺?NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Tm³⁺and NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺/NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Tm³⁺respectively.By selecting NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺/NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Tm³⁺up-conversion layer in the PSC device,18.0%of PCE was obtained under high-intensity solar density(the sun light is with a power density of 1.5W cm^-2).?3?The Ag composite layer is introduced after the UCL layer to achieve surface plasmon effects,scattering effects,and reflection effects.The cell device modified with NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺/NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Tm³⁺/Ag composite layer achieved a PCE of 19.2%under sunlight with a power density of 1.5W cm^-2.?4?The device with full spectral response was selected Eu?TTA?2?Phen?MAA as the UV down-conversion layer and spin-coated on the light-in surface of the device.The PCE was as high as 19.5%at a power density of 1.5W cm^-2.For the first time,the DC and UC layers are simultaneously applied to the device.?5?The introduction of the DC and UC layers enables the external packaging of the device,greatly improving the long-term stability of the device under humidity conditions and the light stability under illumination.The device still has 79%initial PCE for 1000 hours at a relative humidity of 30%-40%at 25°C-35°C.The device was maintained at an initial performance of 94%by continuously illuminating the battery device for 200 hours using ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 365 nm.The device is placed in a natural environment for 500 hours and is capable of maintaining an initial83%PCE.