| The main research object of human geography is the relationship between human society and natural environment.Due to the changes of the times and the development of social economy,this relationship has undergone significant changes in a certain space-time range.With the continuous development of geographic information technology,it provides an effective means of analysis for its coordinated development.Funiu Mountain Area is an important water conservation forest area in China and an important part of ecological civilization construction in Henan Province.Lushan County,which located in Funiu Mountain Area,has certain representativeness in regional natural geographical environment,economic development,urbanization development and ecological construction.Recently,the serious ecological environment problems of Lushan County caused by the excessive exploitation of river sand in the ecological construction.So Lushan County make it particularly important and urgent to strengthen the ecological construction of the county in the process of economic development.How to delimit the scope of ecological space under the background of ecological security,study the characteristics of spatial and temporal evolution of ecological space,and put forward the Countermeasures of ecological space security are the important problems to be solved urgently in the construction of ecological civilization and the sustainable development of social economy in Lushan County.The paper delimits the ecological space scope of Lushan County,and studies the evolution law of ecological space from 2000 to 2015,which takes Lushan County in Henan Province as the researchsample,and combines qualitative and quantitative methods.It bases on the theories of human geography and ecology,such as human-land relationship coordination,sustainable development and ecological security.First,the paper comprehensively assesses the effect of ecological sensitivity,which introduces social-economic factors(population and GDP),together with natural elements(slope,elevation,etc.),and measures the value of ecological services on the basis of using the data of remote sensing images in2000,2005,2010 and 2015 and using ENVI5.1 and ArcGIS10.2 software;secondly,the paper delineates the regional ecological space scope and analyze its ecological space evolution law by classifying and weighting the two;finally,the paper that is based on the bottom-line ecological space superimposes the prohibited development zones to delimit the scope of the ecological red line and explore the differences between the theoretical ecological red line and the actual ecological red line,and puts forward relevant countermeasures.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Lushan County has strong ecological sensitivity and obvious spatial difference.The paper establishes a database of 10 elements of five types including of water conservation,soil erosion,biodiversity,geological hazards and ecological pressure.Quantitative analysis and visualization of ecological sensitivity of Lushan County are carried out by using coefficient of variation method and GIS.In terms of quantity distribution,the area of different types of ecological sensitive areas is quite different;the overall ecological sensitivity of the county is strong,and the proportion of the extremely sensitive areas and highly sensitive areas has always been the dominant type of sensitive areas during the study period;although the overall trend of ecological development of the county is good,the development situation is still not optimistic.In terms of spatial distribution,the ecological sensitivity of Lushan County presents a "ladder" trend from west to east,in which the ecological sensitivity of the west of Dangze River is obviously higher than that of the east.2.The importance of ecosystem service value is relatively high in Lushan County,which shows a general trend of high in the West and low in the east.The paper calculates the value of 11 ecological functions of 5 land use types in Lushan County and analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem service value on the basis of revising the equivalent factor table of terrestrial ecosystem service value in China.From the point of view of quantity distribution,the value of ecosystem services in the county is generally higher,which the proportion of the most important areas and higher important areas exceeds 80% in 2000-2015.The area of various types of ecosystem services greatly differs,which the area of the middle-important areas and the following types of areas changes much more than other types of areas.The importance of ecosystem services value shows significant spatial significance which is the general importance of important regions and the following regions gradually weakening,and other types of regions gradually increasing.In terms of spatial distribution,the importance of ecosystem value in the central and western regions is obviously higher than that in the eastern regions.Higher value of ecosystem services is mainly concentrated in hilly areas and waters,while lower value is mainly in urban construction areas.3.The spatial pattern of ecological vulnerability and ecological service value determine the basic pattern of ecological space in Lushan County,and the ecological spatial distribution and change of various types are also quite different.This paper uses the disjunctive algorithm to delimit the ecological space of Lushan County and analyzes spatial evolution law from the aspects of space-time,structure and quantity on the basis of assessing the importance of ecological sensitivity and ecological service value:(1)In terms of temporal change,the change range of ecological space area of various types is too significant from 2000 to 2015,among which the total change range of crisis and non-critical ecological space area is larger,and the transition is also significant.In terms of spatial change,the spatialdistribution of ecology has little change and the change areas are mainly concentrated in the transitional ecosystem space,crisis ecosystem space and the adjacent areas of bottom-line ecosystem space;(2)In terms of structure,the information entropy of ecosystem space of various types has generally shown an upward trend in Lushan County,and the gap between different types of ecosystem space has been narrowed.Influenced by natural and social economic factors,the ecological spatial distribution structure of Lushan County will remain relatively stable;(3)Quantitatively,although the comprehensive ecological spatial change degree of Lushan County is small,the non-critical and transitional ecological spatial change degree is more obvious.4.In view of the problems of ecological space,the differential measures are put forward.Based on the actual situation of natural and social development and ecological environment in Lushan County,some reasonable suggestions are put forward,such as real-time adjustment of ecological space development strategy,balance of economic development and ecological construction,integration of natural and social resources,strengthening the relationship between collaborative innovation and improving public participation,which provide certain basis for the sustainable development of social economy and ecological security construction in Lushan County. |
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