Evaluation Of Water Resources Carrying Capacity In Changsha City Based On Principal Component Analysis

Water resources and environment are the basis for the survival and development of human society.In recent years,social and economic development has been faster and faster,the problem of resource shortage has become increasingly serious,and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent.At present,the environmental carrying capacity of water resources is not only a key issue of regional concern,but also a global key issue.Evaluating the carrying capacity of water resources and environment plays an important role in coordinating human social and economic activities,water resources utilization and environmental protection.Therefore,carrying capacity of water resources as the result of evaluation has a positive guiding significance for realizing the harmonious development of local economic development and resources and environment.In this paper,15 related indicators are selected to measure the current situation of water resources carrying capacity in Changsha by establishing scientific evaluation indicators.Based on the principal component analysis method,many indicators are synthesized into three categories:social and economic development,water resources reserves and residential water use efficiency.The water resources carrying capacity of Hunan Province is improved by calculating the scores of each principal component and comprehensive scores.The results show that the carrying capacity of water resources in Changsha has been increasing in recent years,mainly due to economic development.At the same time,there are obvious differences in the distribution of carrying capacity among districts in Changsha,and the carrying capacity of urban areas is larger.The carrying capacity of urban areas in Changsha tends to be saturated.The carrying capacity of Ningxiang and Liuyang cities is smaller,and there is still a lot of room for improvement.Through the joint study from the time and space dimensions,it is concluded that the main factors affecting the carrying capacity of water resources in Changsha are the rapid growth of population,the growth and development speed of water resources themselves,not to mention the growth rate of water resources required for urban economic and social development,which leads to the annual growth of water resources carrying capacity in Changsha City,and the large gap between economic and natural factors among regions leads to the water resources carrying capacity.The uneven distribution of load leads to the saturation of the carrying capacity of Changsha urban area,while the surrounding Ningxiang and Liuyang have larger carrying capacity space and too high or too low scores of water resources carrying capacity are not conducive to the coordinated development of economy and resources.Therefore,according to the current situation of Changsha,this paper proposes to improve water supply security,coordinate the relationship between population and water resources,reform the water resources management system,and strengthen water resources.Five suggestions are put forward to improve the water resources carrying capacity and promote the coordinated development of economy and resources in Changsha.