Design Of Automatic Monitoring System For Dam Subsidence And Displacement Based On Camera

Reservoir dam is an important water conservancy infrastructure,which plays an important role in water resources allocation and utilization,flood control and disaster mitigation.There are abundant water resources and a large number of dam projects in China.The real-time safety monitoring of dams is the most important task of the current water conservancy department.Based on this,an economical,flexible,real-time automated dam safety monitoring system was designed in this paper.This paper first explained the research status of dam monitoring technology at home and abroad,and studied several common dam displacement monitoring techniques.Based on this,the system we designed consisted of the main station,base station and upper monitor.The main station was composed of a housing,a central station circuit control board(designed by STM32F407),and an optical camera integrated machine,and The optical camera integrated machine mainly comprised a base,a camera module and an optical zoom mechanism,which could be adjusted the focal length and changed the magnification to shoot the long-distance target image.The base station consisted of a housing,a through-hole switch control mechanism,a illuminated pillar,a illuminated pillar light source,and a base station circuit control board(based on STM8L).The working principle was the main station photographed the illuminated pillar in the distant base station through the optical camera,and then found the reference pixel coordinates of the captured image through an image processing algorithm.Comparing with the reference pixel coordinates of the system calibration image,the difference of pixel displacement was calculated,and the actual displacement distance of dam body was calculated according to the ratio of length to pixel.The wireless module communicated between the main station and the base station,which can complete the command from top to bottom.The GPRS module communicated between the main station and the upper monitor,which can finish the transmission of measurement data between the main station and the upper monitor.The system had the following innovations: 1.It pocessed low-power,low-consumption design concept,in which solar panel and lithium battery-based self-powered mode can realize low-power design of the system,and wireless communication can save wire Consumption,reducing the difficulty of wiring in complex terrain environment.2.Optical zoom mechanism controlled by stepper motor can focus accurately,which can realize high-definition photography of objects with different distances by camera.3.The organic combination of camera and MCU can achieve image acquisition,storage and processing,and can reduce the power consumption of product design.It had the advantages of small size,high sensitivity and fast response speed.In this paper,the hardware design,software design and upper monitor of the system were basically completed.Moreover,the system test and debugging were completed outdoors.Through debugging,it was found that the system could work stably and had certain anti-interference ability.The system had processed the image,which proved the feasibility of the image processing algorithm.Finally,the experimental data showed that the measurement data of the system were reasonable and satisfied the design indexes.