Research And Analysis Of Subway Thermal Environment And Thermal Comfort In Severe Cold Area Based On Field Survey

The emergence of the subway has effectively improved people's travel efficiency,eased the pressure on the urban population,and at the same time helped the city's development.China's subway construction business is in the ascendant.The construction of subways in the severe cold regions of the five major climate zones started at the latest,the slowest development,and the operating routes and the number of construction lines is the least.Due to the particularity of the climate in severe cold regions,the reference design standards for subway environmental control systems in severe cold regions are relatively smal,and their design relies heavily on the relevant experience of designers.Therefore,whether the metro environment control system in the severe cold area can match its climatic characteristics and meet passengers'needs for comfort is yet to be verified.Since domestic and foreign scholars have not studied the thermal environment and thermal comfort of subways in severe cold regions,it is imperative to explore the thermal environment and the thermal comfort.This paper takes Changchun Metro Line 1 as an example to discuss the thermal environment and thermal comfort in the three seasons of winter,summer and transition season.In the measurement method,the thermal environment parameters of four representative stations,namely,Yikuang Street Station,Weixing Square Station,Huaqing Rd Station and Northeast Normal University Station,were obtained by field measurement.Taking Yikuang Street Station to Northeast Normal University Station as the riding section,the dynamic thermal comfort subjective evaluation questionnaire survey and field measurement are combined to explore the thermal comfort of passengers in various areas and compartments in different seasons.The thermal comfort status of the three seasons staff of the personnel management room was obtained by a combination of static subjective evaluation questionnaire and field measurement.Based on the measured data,this paper analyzes the temperature changes of the three season stations,entrances and exits,station hal s,platforms and lounges of Yikuang Street Station,and gives the average temperature and temperature variation range and variation law of each area.By comparing the temperature parameters of four typical stations,it is found that the temperature of Huaqing Road Station and Hongzuizi Station does not meet the design specifications.Combined with the analysis of the station structure,it is concluded that the outdoor cold air infiltration has an important impact on the thermal environment inside the station,and there are certain problems in the design of the environmental control system.At the same time,the indoor environment of Yikuang Street Station was analyzed and it was found that the wet environment of the subway did not meet the relevant specifications.This paper analyzes TSV?Thermal Sensation Vote?and TCV?Thermal Comfort Vote?of each part of the subway in the severe cold area,discusses the changes in the passenger's thermal sensation during a ride,and combines the measured data of the thermal environment to find that the winter car has excessive comfort.By calculating the thermal neutral temperature,the regression curves between MTS?Mean Thermal Sensation?and air temperature and the thermal neutral temperature values in each region are given.A comfort zone of 80%satisfaction rate was drawn,and the temperature range of 80%satisfaction rate of each region was obtained.Investigating the thermal environment of the management room,the temperature of the vehicle control room is too high because of the heat dissipation of the equipment and the lack of fresh air.It is suggested that the heat dissipation of the equipment should be taken into account when the vehicle control room is multi-connected.The high density of personnel in the vehicle control room and the lounge in summer and the lack of fresh air lead to the CO₂ concentration of the two rooms not meeting the requirements of the specifications.It is suggested that the fresh air must be opened.Calculating the relative thermal index RWI?Relative Warmth Index?,by comparing the RWI with the measured passenger comfort percentage,it is inaccurate to use the RWI toevaluate the thermal comfort of the warmer environment of the subway in severe cold regions.Using the HDR?Heat Deficit Rate?of the heat loss rate to calculate the temperature limit of each area in the station,the estimated temperature limit is compared with the measuredtemperature limit,and it is found that HDR is not suitable for evaluating the thermal comfort of the cold environment of the subway in severe cold regions.Using SPSS?StatisticalProducts and Services Solution?software,RWI and HDR are corrected.The measured RWI and calculated RWI are cubic curve,and the calculated temperature limit is linearly.