Research On The Development Mechanism Of Layered Structure In The Road Freight Market

Since the reform and opening up for 40 years,road freight has made great progress.In 2017,the commercial road freight volume of the whole society of China was 36.869 billion tons,and the commercial road tonnage mileage of the whole society was 667.172 billion ton kilometre,accounting for 78.04% and 34.67% of the total freight volume and total tonnage mileage of the whole society,respectively.Meanwhile,the “intensive operation” of road freight has already become a consensus,but “many,small,sporadic and feeble” has always been closely linked to the road freight transportation industry.The problems of vicious competition,low operational efficiency and benefits,and untrustworthy management are still very prominent.What are the reasons?This paper aims to standardize the market competition in the road freight market and promote efficiency.Based on the transportation economics and theory of industrial organization,this paper reveals general rules of road freight market by using the perspective of market character on considering the characteristics of road freight production.The body of the research is mainly composed by five parts: first,this paper summarizes the characteristics of road freight production by teasing out the basic characteristics of road freight production,comparing the economy of complete truck freight and light load freight,and analyzing the scale economy of enterprise's motorcade.Secondly,the connotation and characteristics of road freight are analyzed from the perspective of product-resource-network economy(PRN),which is used to further analyze the characteristics of road freight and the demand for market organization.Third,study the behavior of enterprises in road freight market and analyze the requirements of the standardized enterprise behavior on the market structure.Fourth,the CCR model and BCC model of data envelopment analysis(DEA)are used to calculate the efficiency of road freight industry in different administrative regions and transportation regions respectively and then clarifying the requirement for the market structure in improving the market efficiency.Fifth,the feasibility of the layered development proposed in this paper is verified by the living sample in the development of road freight market in United States.The research shows that the layer on the production of road freight and market structure have different economic characteristics and show the trend of differentiating development,the highly dispersed production layer develops toward the perfect competition structure and the intensification layer of market structure develops toward the oligopoly structure.The development of layered road freight market conforms to the natural characteristics of road freight production and road freight market's character.Which can make up for the problems in current market structure,the effective allocation of transport resources can be realized through the cooperation of enterprises on different levels,in order to standardize the transportation enterprises' behavior and promote market performance.