Research On Planning And Design Strategy Of Outdoor Space Of The Elderly And Children In Urban Residential Areas

With the gradual acceleration of China’s aging process and the liberalization of the “two-child policy”,the number of elderly and newborns in China has increased dramatically in recent years.In addition,as one of the few countries in the world that has been reared up by generations,the relationship between the elderly and children is very close.As an immigrant city,Shenzhen has a large number of elderly people who have moved to Shenzhen with their children to help them take care of their grandchildren.These two groups of people have relatively abundant time,and their activity radius is limited due to factors of age and activity ability.Therefore,they are high-frequency users of outdoor living space in residential areas.How to meet the needs of the common use of the elderly and chilidren and scientifically and rationally plan and construct such kind of space has become an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,the outdoor activity space of the elderly and chilidren in the residential areas has urgent use requirements and high research value.This paper draws on the multi-disciplinary research results of social psychology,environmental psychology,behavioral psychology,etc.,and specifically extracts the physical,psychological and behavioral characteristics of the elderly and children.Through the field investigation and observation of typical residential areas in Shenzhen,summarizing the basic types of outdoor activities and the choice of activity space for the elderly and children in the settlements.On this basis,through questionnaires and field research,statistical analysis of the population characteristics and activity characteristics of the elderly and children participating in outdoor activities in the residential area,including the gender,age,type of activity,time and frequency of activities,location and scope,etc.At the same time,from the perspective of users and professional planning and design,studying the factors affecting the outdoor activities of elderly and children and their space requirements for outdoor activities.Based on the above research,the three strategies for the construction of the space environment for the elderly and children in Shenzhen residential areas are proposed from the perspectives of the use of people,activity needs and psychological needs,and explore the construction strategies and methods of the outdoor space of the elderly and children from the two levels of planning and design.The planning level includes functional composition,spatial layout and functional compounding and sharing;the design level mainly involves four types of spatial specific design that constitute the outdoor activity space of the residential area,including transportation space,square space,sitting space and green space.It is hoped that through this research,it will promote the construction of the outdoor activities space for the elderly and children in Shenzhen residential areas and its reference significance.