Pareto-optimal Locations Of Charging Stations For Electric Vehicles Under Range Limit

Electric vehicles(EVs)are envisioned as an effective way to cut down the petroleum consumption and greenhouse gas emissions,but the number of charging stations is still limited.To prompt the widespread use of electric vehicles,a new biobjective location model under range limit is proposed to geographically determine the locations of a limited number of charging stations.The model is formulated and solved by a parametric method,in which the complete solution set of the problem can be exhausted by repeatedly solving a parameterized scalar problem and updating the parameter set.An efficient branch and bound algorithm is implemented in the framework by setting lower bound.With the method of label updating,shortest path problem can be solved properly.A case study of an intercity highway network in the Greater Yangtze River Delta Region is employed for demonstrating the applicability of the modeling and solution methods.By a numerical comparison between different scenarios,it is found that different budget limits and driving ranges impose different impacts on the distribution of Pareto-optimal solutions and driving ranges play a more important role.A method to further search the optimal solutions is also introduced.