Optimal Siting And Sizing Of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Electric vehicle charging station is indispensable in the large-scale industrialization of electric vehicle as electric vehicle energy service infrastructure. With the continuous development of the electric car, the charging station in the future smart grid systems and transportation systems has a great potential. It has great significance of theory and practice to research siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations.Considering the impact of the road network on the charging demand of electric vehicles, this paper first presents a method to simulate charging demand of urban electric vehicles. In the method, stochastic simulation technique and the shortest path method are applied to determine the distribution of charging demand in time and space of electric vehicles on road network based on the driving characteristics, the battery residual capacity, as well as the dynamic state and location of electric vehicles. Then, this paper analyzes the main factors which affect the layout of charging station from three aspects: economy, regional development and regional environment. Based on the charging demand distribution of electric vehicles, proposes a mathematical model of optimal location of charging station with the objective of minimizing investment and operation costs, of which the electric vehicle charging rate constraint, arriving rate constraint and the total investment limitation are examined to ensure the feasibility of the solution. To overcome difficulties in solving the mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem, genetic algorithm is introduced. Finally, select two cities as planning areas, and make an empirical analysis of the proposed method of the electric vehicle charging station locating and sizing, combined with the data of the candidate sites in the two planning areas to calculate the construction site of each planning area and the capacity of each charging station. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model of optimal siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations.