Test And Research On Thermal Environment And Air Distribution Of Building Atrium In Severe Cold Region

The building atrium serves as a semi-open public space inside the building,connecting the indoor and outdoor environment of the building and buffering the outdoor climate.Creating a comfortable atrium interior thermal environment and air distribution can effectively improve the thermal environment of the entire building space.Due to the special meteorological condition in the severe cold area,as well as the difficulty of testing temperature field and airflow field in the atrium,there are few studies related to the thermal environment and the airflow distribution in the severe cold area.In view of the thermal environment characteristics of the atrium in the severe cold area,this paper selects two research methods: field measurement and scale model laboratory research.It mainly studies the internal temperature field and airflow field distribution law of the atrium in the severe cold area,and the influence of the atrium characteristics on the internal thermal environment and airflow distribution of the atrium.Then puts forward some suggestions for improving the atrium thermal environment and airflow distribution in the actual building.The research is mainly carried out from the following two aspects.Field measurement study of the atrium thermal environment.The typical building atrium in the severe cold area was selected as the test object,and the on-site measurement plan was designed according to local condition.Conducting on-site testing of thermal environments on typical meteorological days in winter and summer.The distribution of temperature field in winter and summer atrium in severe cold regions was studied.Experimental study on the scale model of the atrium.The experiment model of scale model was built,the experimental scheme was designed,the ventilation mode and opening form of the scale atrium were changed to carry out experiments.Measure the temperature distribution and airflow field of the scale atrium,respectively.The influence of atrium ventilation mode and natural ventilation opening form on the thermal environment and airflow distribution of the atrium was studied.Based on the above research content,this paper has carried out related research and concluded:The spatial distribution of the atrium in winter and summer in the severe cold region has a certain vertical temperature gradient and horizontal non-uniformity.In summer,the room temperature increases along the height of the atrium,the vertical temperature difference and the horizontal temperature difference are large,and the spatial distribution of the atrium at room temperature changes with time.In winter,the floor heating increases,the atrium room temperature decreases along the height,the vertical temperature difference and the horizontal temperature difference are small,and the spatial distribution is uniform and stable.In winter and summer,outdoor temperature,solar radiation and indoor wall temperature can affect the distribution of room temperature in the atrium,and the atrium temperature increases with the increase of the above parameters.Winter and summer atrium temperature fields in severe cold regions have different characteristics.In summer,the room temperature of the atrium is grea tly affected by the outdoor climate,the spatial difference is strong,and the distribution law fluctuates with time.In winter,the temperature distribution of the atrium is related to the heating mode.The room temperature of the atrium is less affected by outdoor extreme weather,and the spatial distribution is even and stable.Natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation can effectively improve the thermal environment and airflow distribution in the atrium,and the mechanical ventilation improvement effect is better.Under the different opening forms of natural ventilation,the atrium thermal environment and the airflow distribution are different.In the severe cold region,the climate is comfortable in summer,and the building atrium can give priority to natural ventilation to improve the atrium thermal environment and airflow distribution,and select the opening form with the best effect in combination with the actual needs of the building.When the natural ventilation can not meet the building demand,then using mechanical ventilation.Reduce building energy consumption.