| Community sports facilities are closely related to residents’daily physical fitness activities,and are an important carrier to realize the"national fitness campaign".Shanghai has attached great importance to the construction of community sports facilities,and has been continuously strengthened.Some achievements have been made in the construction and management of these facilities.At present,15097community sports facilities have been built in the whole city.However,the current situation of community sports facilities and the target of"by the end of 2020,the average area of stadiums per capita will be 2.4 m~2 and the number of people who often take part in physical exercise will account for about 45%of the total resident population"set by the"Three-year Plan of Action for Building a Healthy City in Shanghai(2018-2020)"still have considerable differences.Some community sports facilities are not well managed,old equipment damaged or unable to use,maintenance,update is not timely,and the spatial layout is unreasonable,which is not conducive to the function of community sports facilities.Based on the analysis of the current situation of community sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai,this study evaluates the accessibility and fairness of the layout of community sports facilities,and then puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the spatial distribution,which purpose is try to further improve the management of community sports facilities,rational layout improve the efficiency of the use of facilities,maximize the needs of grass-roots residents to carry out sports fitness practice,and promote the scientific development of community sports facilities.This study uses the methods of documentation,field investigation,empirical research and GIS spatial analysis to analyze the accessibility and fairness of the distribution of community sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai,and then puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the scientific development of community sports facilities,which is of great significance for the function of community sports facilities.The first chapter elaborates the research background,research purpose and significance,research object and method of the subject in this study.In the second chapter,this paper makes a brief analysis of four important concepts,combs the relevant research trends at home and abroad,and summarizes the existing problems of domestic and foreign research.The third chapter mainly introduces the general situation of the research area and the data sources in the study,and establishes the relevant GIS databases.The fourth section presents the research results of the service status,accessibility and fairness of the community sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai,and analyses the management problems existing in the community sports facilities in Jing’an District.The fifth chapter defines the spatial layout standards and principles of the community sports facilities and community sports in Jing’an District by determining the service radius of the community sports facilities.Suggestions on the scientific development of facilities to solve the problems existing in the current situation and spatial layout of community sports facilities in Jing’an District,Shanghai.In the sixth chapter,it gives the conclusions and suggests its prospects for futher studies.The results show that:(1)The distribution of sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai among streets is not balanced.The area of fitness facilities varies greatly among different streets.The types of sports facilities and equipment in some communities are less,which makes it difficult to meet the diverse construction needs of community residents.There are some problems in some facilities,such as mormal equipment or products,not timely updating after equipment damage,closed management hindering communication,site occupied and site environment not being maintained in time.The overall distribution of community sports facilities in Jing’an District presents the characteristics of"multi-center,group"spatial imbalance.All areas in Jing’an District are within the 15-minute service range,and community residents can walk to nearby community sports facilities for physical exercise in 15 minutes.There is a positive correlation between the spatial distribution of community sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai,showing the characteristics of spatial agglomeration.(2)Based on the two-step mobile search method,the accessibility of community sports facilities in Jing’an District presents spatial imbalance.The areas with poor accessibility of community sports facilities are located in the streets of Daning Road,North Station and Tianmu West Road.The community sports facilities with larger service area determined by Tyson polygon method means that the accessibility of community sports facilities is poor,which are mostly located in Daning Road Street,Pengpu Town,Tianmu West Road Street and North Station Street;among the four types of community sports facilities,the worst accessibility is the civic gymnasium,which needs to be further improved in Jing’an District.The areas with poor road accessibility are mostly located in Daning Road Street and Pengpu Town,mainly with relatively sparse road traffic and a relatively long distance from community sports facilities.Civic gymnasium is the community sports facility with the worst traffic accessibility among the four types.In the fairness test of community sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai,the number and area location quotient of community sports facilities in Shimen Second Road Street are close to 1,which is the street with the best spatial matching degree between community sports facilities and population distribution in Jing’an District.The distribution of community sports facilities and residential districts in Jing’an District shows spatial coupling,but the spatial coupling of Jing’an Temple Street,Nanjing West Road Street,Shimen Second Road Street,North Station Street,Gonghexin Road Street and Pengpu Town is poor.(3)Scientific optimization of the layout of community sports facilities is conducive to improving the accessibility of community sports facilities,eliminating the shortage areas covered by community sports facilities and achieving the goal of"15-minute sports life circle".Based on the determination of the service radius of community sports facilities,the allocation standard of community sports facilities and the principle of community sports facilities layout,this paper puts forward some countermeasures for optimizing the spatial distribution of community sports facilities in Jing’an District of Shanghai from resolving the shortage of sports facilities,improving the management level of community sports facilities and fully considering the accessibility and fairness of community facilities location selection. |
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